Experimental study and numerical analysis of thermal hazard for fire accident in converter transformers

Zhang, Shaohua; Zhao, Jinlong; Zhang, Qingyuan; Zhang, Jianping; Jiang, Huiling

doi:10.1016/j.tsep.2023.102108

Thermal Science and Engineering Progress

2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.tsep.2023.102108

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Experimental study and numerical analysis of thermal hazard for fire accident in converter transformers

Shaohua Zhang,

Jinlong Zhao,

Qingyuan Zhang

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 3 publications

References 30 publications

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Burning and plume flow behaviors of annular pool fires: with and without air entrainment through the pool center

Huang,

Zhang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Burning and plume flow behaviors of annular pool fires: with and without air entrainment through the pool center

Huang,

Zhang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Time–frequency characteristics and influencing factors of the pressure wave caused by power–frequency arc inside a closed oil tank

Jia,

Ji,

Luo

et al. 2024

High Voltage

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The arc faults inside oil‐immersed power equipment can produce high‐amplitude pressure waves inside tanks, which might cause ignition and explosion accidents. This kind of failure is one of the most severe faults for power equipment and has attracted considerable attention in recent years. However, due to the high risk of the experiments and the complex development of arc in oil, the characteristics of the pressure wave formed by the arc are still confusing. In this paper, the time–frequency characteristics of pressure waves are analysed using several experiments of 1–8 kA power–frequency arc inside a closed oil tank. The experimental results show that the pressure wave produced by the arc in oil contains three frequency bands, 0–500 Hz, 500 Hz–40 kHz, and above 40 kHz, which are related to the arc energy, the average current around arc ignition and the metal wire explosion respectively. This helps further understand the formation mechanism of the pressure wave caused by the arc in oil. This paper discusses the influences of ignition wire on arc‐formed pressure waves. A wire diameter selection method for arc experiments is established to reduce the pressure differences between wire‐ignited arcs and actual arc faults.

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The Development of a Converter Transformer Fire Model Based on the Fire Dynamics Simulator and the Analysis of Cooling Mechanisms of Spraying and Coating

Qiao,

Wang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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This research develops a numerical fire model for a converter transformer utilizing the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS). The model’s accuracy was validated through comprehensive evaluations of temperature distribution, radiative heat transfer, and mass burning rate. Additionally, the cooling efficacy of fire-resistant coating and fine water mist with varying droplet sizes was investigated. The results indicate that fireproof coating significantly reduces the surface temperature of the transformer, thereby enhancing its fire resistance. Specifically, temperature reductions of 57.68%, 45.63%, 37.78%, and 36.78% were recorded at different facade heights. Furthermore, the cooling performance of fine water mist is strongly influenced by droplet size, primarily due to thermal buoyancy effects. Larger droplets (400 μm) exhibited the most efficient cooling effect directly beneath the spray, achieving temperature reductions of up to 67%. In contrast, smaller droplets (100 μm) showed diminished cooling performance in certain regions, owing to the compensatory buoyancy of hot air, even resulting in an 11% temperature increase in some cases. During the flame stabilization phase, the mass burning rate stabilized between 0.056 kg/(m2·s) and 0.070 kg/(m2·s), with the inhibitory effect of small particle mist becoming pronounced only after 450 s. These findings offer critical insights for optimizing fire protection strategies for converter transformers, highlighting the significance of cooling mechanisms and material properties.

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Experimental study and numerical analysis of thermal hazard for fire accident in converter transformers

Cited by 3 publications

References 30 publications

Burning and plume flow behaviors of annular pool fires: with and without air entrainment through the pool center

Burning and plume flow behaviors of annular pool fires: with and without air entrainment through the pool center

Time–frequency characteristics and influencing factors of the pressure wave caused by power–frequency arc inside a closed oil tank

The Development of a Converter Transformer Fire Model Based on the Fire Dynamics Simulator and the Analysis of Cooling Mechanisms of Spraying and Coating

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