Experimental study of ammonia removal from water by membrane distillation (MD): The comparison of three configurations

Ding, Zijian; Liu, Liying; Li, Zhaoman; Ma, Rong; Yang, Zhixin

doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2006.09.015

Cited by 165 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…When first patented by Bodell in 1963 [1], MD is accepted as a low cost, energy saving separation process compared to conventional separation processes, such as distillation and reverse osmosis (RO) [2]. The potential applications of MD process for production of high-purity water [3], concentration of ginseng extracts aqueous solution [4], cane sugar solution [5]or other non-volatile aqueous solutions [6,7]and separation of volatile component [8,9] are well recognized. Although the concept of MD has been known for about 50 years, this process is still in its development stage [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and hydrophobic modifications of PVDF flat membrane with silane coupling agent grafting via plasma flow for VMD of ethanol–water mixture

Zhao

Liu

et al. 2015

Journal of Membrane Science

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and hydrophobic modifications of PVDF flat membrane with silane coupling agent grafting via plasma flow for VMD of ethanol–water mixture

Zhao

Liu

et al. 2015

Journal of Membrane Science

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“…In comparison with other separation operations, MD has obvious advantages: almost a complete rejection of dissolved and non-volatile species, lower operating pressure than pressuredriven membrane processes, reduced vapour space compared to traditional distillation, low operating temperature of a feed enables the utilization of waste heat as a preferable energy source [12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Although the MD technology has the advantages that other membrane technologies have not, one of main obstacles impeding the implementation of MD is membrane fouling, which is caused by interactions between the membrane and the various components during the process [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of coagulation pretreatment on membrane distillation process for desalination of recirculating cooling water

Wang

Tie³

et al. 2008

Separation and Purification Technology

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a b s t r a c tThe objective of this work was to study the performance of coagulation pretreatment and the effect of coagulation pretreatment on membrane distillation (MD) process for desalination of recirculating cooling water (RCW). In this study, RCW was desalinated by MD process after pretreated by coagulation, precision filtration, acidification and degassing. Pre-coagulation of RCW with poly-aluminum chloride (PACl) coagulant improves the elimination of total organic carbon (TOC), total phosphorus (TP) substances. The optimized pH value and PACl dosage were 7 and 15 mg/L, respectively. Compared with MD process without coagulation pretreatment, much slighter MD flux decrease was observed when coagulation pretreatment was employed for desalination of RCW using MD process. Compared with the membrane flux of MD process for the RCW without coagulation pretreatment, about 23% improvement of MD flux was obtained by employing coagulation pretreatment after 30 days operation. The variation of crystal morphology on membrane surface and hydrophobic character of PVDF hollow membranes were investigated. The results show that distorted rhombic magnesium-calcite scale formed on membrane surface when coagulation pretreatment was employed. However, the deposited magnesium-calcite on the membrane surface was loosely packed with particles of much smaller size when RCW without coagulation pretreatment was fed. It is because that the coagulation pretreatment removed most of the natural organic matter (NOM) and antiscalant additives in RCW, which act as an inhibitor to calcium carbonate crystal growth in water. After coagulation pretreatment, bigger crystal deposit formed on membrane surface with the increase in CF of RCW. It was rather difficult for bigger crystal to enter membrane pores and thus the formation of bigger crystal reduced partial wetting of membrane, which enhanced trans-membrane flux. The hydrophobic character of PVDF hollow membranes used in MD process can be easily recovered by chemical rinsing using acid-base solutions. The results indicate that the pretreatment with chemical coagulant, PACl, is effective for the desalination of RCW by MD process.Crown

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“…In the process of VMD, only gas was allowed to transport through the membrane pores due to the hydrophobic property of membrane material. Large quantity of NH 3 molecules could be obtained in the permeate side with high feed pH value and high feed temperature [20][21][22].…”

Section: The Changes Of Permeate Tn Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vacuum membrane distillation–crystallization process of high ammonium salt solutions

You

Dong

et al. 2015

Desalination and Water Treatment

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A B S T R A C TThe batch mode of vacuum membrane distillation-crystallization (VMDC) process was carried out in the ammonium salt solutions. Vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) was used to permeate water to a desired concentration and the crystallizer was applied for the precipitation of crystals. The influence of concentration time on the permeate flux was investigated and the transfer resistances were estimated. Membrane fouling resistance increased gradually when the solution was concentrated up to the critical point of supersaturation factor. Beyond this critical point, the NH 4 Cl system revealed an irreversible membrane fouling, whereas the (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 system revealed a reversible membrane fouling. By analyzing the transfer resistances, the determining concentration in the VMD process could be obtained, which would provide a way of avoiding membrane fouling problem. The permeated total nitrogen (TN) increased significantly from 4.7 to 59.8 mg/L with the NH 4 Cl solution. However, low level permeated TN (TN < 3 mg/L) with (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 solution was maintained during the whole concentration process. The NH 4 Cl crystals with dendritic structure and (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 crystals of lamellar form were obtained by the crystallizer with the production of 125.7 and 58.4 kg/m 3 , respectively.

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Experimental study of ammonia removal from water by membrane distillation (MD): The comparison of three configurations

Cited by 165 publications

References 14 publications

Morphological and hydrophobic modifications of PVDF flat membrane with silane coupling agent grafting via plasma flow for VMD of ethanol–water mixture

Morphological and hydrophobic modifications of PVDF flat membrane with silane coupling agent grafting via plasma flow for VMD of ethanol–water mixture

Effect of coagulation pretreatment on membrane distillation process for desalination of recirculating cooling water

Vacuum membrane distillation–crystallization process of high ammonium salt solutions

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