Experimental study of carbon and iron nanoparticle vaporisation under pulse laser heating

A review on determining the refractive index function, thermal accommodation coefficient and evaporation temperature of light-absorbing nanoparticles suspended in the gas phase using the laser-induced incandescence

“…The measured peak temperatures of carbon NPs synthesized in the pyrolysis of C 2 H 2 presented in [61], 3100-3800 K, are less than those of the graphite sublimation temperature of 3900 K [110], and also below those obtained by LII measurements of soot, as reported in the literature. The values of T max reported in [30,32,105,106,108,111] and measured in flames at laser fluences higher than 0.1 J/cm 2 are within a range of 3700-4400 K. However, in a diesel engine, the values of soot peak temperature measured by two-color techniques were found to be in the range of 2000-4000 K at the laser fluence of 0.25 J/cm 2 [107].…”

“…This behavior was first observed in 1977 by Eckbreth [55]. The evidence of evaporation processes induced by laser heating provides the measurements of laser light extinction [56,61] or laser light scattering [57,58]. The plateau in the peak temperature with laser fluence rises and the gradual decrease of the volume fraction of condensed phase dependent on the laser fluence allow indicates that the phase transition has occurred.…”

“…The ability of soot to evaporate under pulsed laser heating was first noted by Eckbreth in 1977 [55]. After that, some evidence of laser evaporation of soot were reported in the literature [56][57][58][59][60][61]. Michelsen et al reported about producing new particles by laser irradiation of soot at 532 and 1064 nm [60].…”

Investigation of the size of the incandescent incipient soot particles in premixed sooting and nucleation flames of n-butane using LII, HIM, and 1 nm-SMPS

“…In particular, the effective sublimation coefficient b is subject to a large uncertainty ranging from 0.1 for C3, which is the dominant sublimation species (Smallwood et al 2001) in the Michelsen model (Michelsen et al 2007) to as high as 0.9 in other models (Michelsen et al 2007). Only a few recent studies have been conducted to gain some understanding of the sublimation processes of carbon nanoparticles Eremin et al 2013). Olofsson et al (2015) investigated the sublimation threshold temperature of soot at different heights of flat premixed flames using a combination technique of 2C-LII and elastic light scattering and modeled soot sublimation using properties of mature soot at all the heights considered.…”

“…Olofsson et al (2015) investigated the sublimation threshold temperature of soot at different heights of flat premixed flames using a combination technique of 2C-LII and elastic light scattering and modeled soot sublimation using properties of mature soot at all the heights considered. The potential size dependence of the sublimation process of carbon nanoparticles produced in the pyrolysis of 1% C 6 H 6 in argon in a shock tube was explored by Eremin et al (2013) using a combination of 2C-LII and laser light extinction. Although these studies are useful to elucidate the weakness of the current sublimation sub-model along with the properties of mature soot, they offer little help to determine the properties of incipient soot in modeling the thermal sublimation process.…”