Experimental study of different sealing ratios on the self-extinction of tunnel fires

Shi, Jia-Kang; Zuo, Cong; Xiong, Yuanyuan; Zhou, Maolei; Lin, Ping

doi:10.1016/j.tust.2021.103894

Cited by 18 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The flame directly impinges on the ceiling when the distance from the burner surface to the tunnel ceiling decreases or the fire source power increases. The experimental or simulation results are often lower than the prediction model of Kurioka and Li in this case 26,27 . It is due to the different experimental conditions and indicates that the influence of fire source height on the ceiling temperature characteristic driven by strong fire plume should be considered.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Numerical investigation of the temperature characteristics beneath the ceiling driven by a strong plume in a longitudinal ventilated tunnel

Chen,

Li,

Yang

et al. 2024

Fire and Materials

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Previous studies have mainly focused on the situation that the tunnel's continuous flame region was lower than the ceiling height. For tunnels with longitudinal ventilation, the temperature characteristics of strong fire plumes are still unclear. In this paper, the maximum temperature rise beneath the ceiling for strong fire plume conditions in a small‐scale tunnel is studied using fire dynamics simulator. Results show that when the effective height (the distance from the burner surface to the ceiling of the tunnel) is 0.65 m, the maximum temperature rise beneath the ceiling in this work shows a good correlation with Li's model and Kurioka's model. However, as the effective height decreases to 0.55 and 0.50 m, the maximum temperature rise would be significantly lower than the previous model. Therefore, a dimensionless coefficient is introduced to modify the maximum temperature rise model for a strong fire plume, which involves the effective height coefficient, heat release rate, and longitudinal ventilation. A calculation model for the maximum temperature rise beneath the tunnel ceiling in the condition of strong fire plumes is established. The temperature attenuation data along the tunnel are given by statistics. The relationship between the dimensionless temperature rise and the dimensionless position parameter is established, and a unified model under various heat release rates is obtained.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Numerical investigation of the temperature characteristics beneath the ceiling driven by a strong plume in a longitudinal ventilated tunnel

Chen,

Li,

Yang

et al. 2024

Fire and Materials

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“…A critical sealing ratio was found, at which the ceiling temperature inside the tunnel reached the maximum. Shi et al [6] investigated the effect of different sealing ratios (0, 65, 75, 85, and 100%) on the self-extinction of fires by propane with different heat release rates (2.8 kW-11.2 kW) in a reduced-scale model (1/20) tunnel. The results showed that most of the self-extinction occurred at a sealing ratio of 75%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Fire Location and Forced Air Volume on Fire Development for Single-Ended Tunnel Fire with Forced Ventilation

Zhao

Wang

et al. 2023

Fire

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Single-ended tunnels are a typical structure and an important part during tunnel construction. In the case of a fire in a single-ended tunnel, forced ventilation is commonly used to create a safe area near the excavation face. This work is aimed at examining the effects of fire location and air volume on fire development for single-ended tunnel fires with forced ventilation. A single-ended tunnel was built in Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS), and twenty simulation tests were carried out. In the simulation, the distribution of flow field, temperature, and CO concentration in the tunnel were measured and analyzed. The results show that three regions can be identified based on airflow directions and velocity: (1) turbulent flow zone, (2) turbulent flow transition zone, and (3) steady flow zone. It was found that the maximum ceiling temperature rise decreases first with the distance between the fire source and the excavation face (XL), and then increases with a further increase in XL. The simulation results also showed that CO can easily accumulate on the ventilation duct side at the fire source position and the opposite side of the ventilation duct 5.0–15.0 m downstream of the fire source. Both the CO concentration and the maximum ceiling temperature rise decrease with increasing air volume, while the larger forced air volume will result in a higher risk for the downstream regions. The present results are of practical importance in firefighting and personnel evacuation in single-ended tunnels with a forced ventilation system.

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Fuel and Ventilation-Controlled Fires

Ingason,

Li,

Lönnermark

2024

Tunnel Fire Dynamics

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Experimental study of different sealing ratios on the self-extinction of tunnel fires

Cited by 18 publications

References 29 publications

Numerical investigation of the temperature characteristics beneath the ceiling driven by a strong plume in a longitudinal ventilated tunnel

Numerical investigation of the temperature characteristics beneath the ceiling driven by a strong plume in a longitudinal ventilated tunnel

Effects of Fire Location and Forced Air Volume on Fire Development for Single-Ended Tunnel Fire with Forced Ventilation

Fuel and Ventilation-Controlled Fires

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