“…Traditional cement grouts, typically employed in grouted splice connectors, come with several drawbacks, such as extended curing periods and a gradual progression in strength. An emerging alternative is Polymer grout (PM) or resin mortar, a modern composite formed by blending inorganic aggregates (such as sand) with a resin binder (Raymond and Sauntson, 1987;Mohammed et al, 2015). Moreover, crucial additives in polymer formulations include microfillers like fly ash, which serve to diminish the rate of the curing reaction and reduce the exothermic degree (Petrie, 2006;Fadiel et al, 2023).…”