Experimental study of the anti-knock efficiency of high-octane fuels in spark ignited aircraft engine using response surface methodology

Kumar, Thanikasalam; Mohsin, Rahmat; Majid, Zulkepli; Ghafir, Mohammad Fahmi Abdul; Wash, Ananth Manickam

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.114150

Cited by 40 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The failure rate of a gas path system is the highest among many subsystems of aero-engines. According to incomplete statistics, the failure caused by a gas path system accounts for more than 90% of the total number of engine failures, and the maintenance cost of a gas path system accounts for more than 60% of the total maintenance cost [2]. Therefore, it is necessary to predict the health states of an aero-engine gas path system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health State Prediction of Aero-Engine Gas Path System Considering Multiple Working Conditions Based on Time Domain Analysis and Belief Rule Base

et al. 2021

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The gas path system is an important part of an aero-engine, whose health states can affect the security of the airplane. During the process of aircraft operation, the gas path system will have different working conditions over time, owing to the change of control parameters. However, the different working conditions which change the symmetry of the system will affect parameters of the health state prediction model for the gas path system. The symmetry of the system will also change. Therefore, it is important to consider the influence of variable working conditions when predicting the health states of gas path system. The accuracy of the health state prediction results of the gas path system will be low if the same evaluation standard is used for different working conditions. In addition, the monitoring data of the gas path system’s health state feature quantity is huge while the fault data which can reflect the health states of the gas path system are poor. Thus, it is difficult to establish a health state prediction model only by using the monitoring data of the gas path system. In order to avoid problems, this paper proposes a health state prediction model considering multiple working conditions based on time domain analysis and a belief rule base. First, working condition is divided by using time domain characteristics. Then, a belief rule base (BRB) theory-based health state prediction model is built, which can fuse expert knowledge and fault monitoring data to improve modeling accuracy. The reference value of the feature is given by the fuzzy C-means algorithm in a model. To decrease the uncertainty of expert knowledge, the covariance matrix adaptive evolution strategy (CMA-ES) is used as the optimization algorithm. Finally, a NASA public dataset without labels is used to verify the proposed health state model. The results show that the proposed health prediction model of a gas path system can accurately realize health state prediction under multiple working conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health State Prediction of Aero-Engine Gas Path System Considering Multiple Working Conditions Based on Time Domain Analysis and Belief Rule Base

et al. 2021

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“…Piston engines operate using the same basic principles as the spark ignition engines found in cars, but they have a much higher performance requirement. Octane number of AVGAS fuel is higher than the octane number of gasoline (Kumar et al, 2020;Rajendran & Mohsin, 2018). Octane rating is a measure of how resistant a fuel is to knock; the higher the octane ratio, the more the fuel/air mixture can be compressed without ignition (Kumar et al, 2019;Rajendran & Mohsin, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Gasoline-AVGAS Blends on Engine Performance of Engine with Direct Injection

Doğan¹,

Gökmen²,

Aydoğan³

2021

bes

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AVGAS called is a high-octane fuel that is obtained by formulating Gasoline and called aviation Gasoline. Due to the high-octane level, the air-fuel mixture can be compressed at a higher rate without ignition. TSI, which consists of the initials of Turbo Supercharger Injection, is defined as a turbocharged and direct injection engine. Generally used in small volume engines such as 1.2 lt. In this study, aviation Gasoline AVGAS and Gasoline were mixed in certain proportions and TSI was applied in a Gasoline engine. The changes in the performance of AVGAS-Gasoline fuel blends used in Direct Injection Engine were investigated in this experimental study. A5 (5% AVGAS, 95% Gasoline fuel by volume), A10, and Gasoline fuel were used as fuel. The tests were performed at full-throttle valve opening and variable engine speeds. The results of the tests showed increases in engine power, engine torque values with the use of AVGAS-Gasoline fuel blends, whereas, decrease was observed in brake specific fuel consumption values. While an increase of 1.54% was achieved in engine torque values compared to gasoline, the optimum values in engine power and specific fuel consumption were obtained as 51.92 kW at 3500 rpm and 239 g/kWh at 3000 rpm, respectively. In addition, increases were observed in the exhaust gas temperature and engine oil temperature, while a decrease was observed in the noise values.

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“…12 The mission of the PAFI program is to evaluate unleaded fuel replacement candidates and identify those fuels able to meet the existing general aviation aircraft fleet requirements considering the production and distribution cost, availability, and environmental and health impacts of fuels. 13 In Canada, Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC), Transport Canada, and Canadian Owners and Pilots Association (COPA) initiated a project with the National Research Council Canada (NRC) and the University of Alberta to coordinate with the US efforts to conduct testing on the unleaded aviation fuel candidates. Currently, research has been performed to determine various alternative unleaded fuels available and their production and availability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15 Then using response surface methodology, these different fuels have been statistically examined for their performance and emissions compared to 100 LL. 13,16 This shows the importance of research, testing, and analysis of unleaded fuel replacement for general aviation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of ASTM D6424 standard for knock analysis using unleaded fuel candidates on a six cylinder aircraft engine

Ebrahimi

Gordon

Canteenwalla

et al. 2021

International Journal of Engine Research

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The ASTM D6424 standard is used for general aviation piston engine knock detection and is tested for unleaded fuel candidates. Issues are discussed regarding the identification of knocking cycles, filtering frequency bands, and the effects of down-sampling for this knock detection technique. The knock tests were performed on the Continental TSIO-520-VB engine at 12,000 ft for take-off and cruise conditions using three different fuels, the standard leaded 100LL avgas and two unleaded fuel candidates. The ASTM D6424 knock detection method has its own particular disadvantages, which are detailed and compared to other knock detection methods including the third derivative of pressure signal and discrete wavelet transform. Updates to the standard include a minimum sampling rate of 0.2 CAD. Additionally, the current standard does not contain recommendations for filtering the cylinder pressure which results in over detection of knocking cycles with the two new aviation fuel candidates tested. Recommendations are provided regarding the pressure signal processing prior to ASTM D6424 knock-characterization.

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Experimental study of the anti-knock efficiency of high-octane fuels in spark ignited aircraft engine using response surface methodology

Cited by 40 publications

References 32 publications

Health State Prediction of Aero-Engine Gas Path System Considering Multiple Working Conditions Based on Time Domain Analysis and Belief Rule Base

Health State Prediction of Aero-Engine Gas Path System Considering Multiple Working Conditions Based on Time Domain Analysis and Belief Rule Base

Effect of Gasoline-AVGAS Blends on Engine Performance of Engine with Direct Injection

Evaluation of ASTM D6424 standard for knock analysis using unleaded fuel candidates on a six cylinder aircraft engine

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