Experimental study of the dynamic and transient characteristics of sub-health fuel cell multi-stack systems without DC/DC

Duan, Hao; Zhang, Caizhi; Wang, Gucheng; Yuan, Chen; Liu, Zhixiang; Xie, Xianshu; Qi, Shengwen

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2021.122007

Cited by 18 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In this case, there is no advantage of SFCS power coverage compared to MFCS. Duan et al [11] investigated the dynamic and transient characteristics of a DC/DC-free sub-healthy fuel cell multi-stack system and found the fuel cell system current and voltage characteristics of series and parallel structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of a Novel Integrated Multi-Stack Fuel Cell System Based on a Double-Layer Multi-Objective Optimal Allocation Approach

Gao,

Zhou,

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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A multi-stack fuel cell system (MFCS) is a promising solution for high-power PEM fuel cell applications. This paper proposes an optimized stack allocation approach for power allocation, considering economy and dynamics to establish integrated subsystems with added functional components. The results show that an MFCS with target powers of 20 kW, 70 kW, and 120 kW satisfies lifetime and efficiency factors. The common rail buffer at the air supply subsystem inlet stabilizes pressure, buffers, and diverts. By adjusting the volume of the common rail buffer, it is possible to reduce the maximum instantaneous power and consumption of the air compressor. The integrated hydrogen supply subsystem improves hydrogen utilization and reduces parasitic power consumption. However, the integrated thermal subsystem does not have the advantages of integrated gas supply subsystems, and its thermal management performance is worse than that of a distributed thermal subsystem. This MFCS provides a solution for high-power non-average distribution PEM fuel cell systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of a Novel Integrated Multi-Stack Fuel Cell System Based on a Double-Layer Multi-Objective Optimal Allocation Approach

Gao,

Zhou,

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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“…Garcia-Gabin et al (2010), Rodatz et al (2005) and Yan et al (2005) stated that without adequate power in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stack, a voltage drop will occur at the FC stack, resulting in a high current density that can damage the FC. Duan et al (2022) studied the dynamic and transient characteristics of sub-health FC multi-stack system, and they have observed extremely current overshoots when the FC is suddenly turned on as stated in paper abstract. Oxygen starvation is another bad and dangerous consequence caused by abrupt load variation as stated in Kim et al (2019), Hou et al (2020) and Sun et al (2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel coordinated power sources switching strategy for transient performance enhancement of hybrid electric vehicles

Oubelaid

Taib

Rekioua

2022

COMPEL

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is the investigation of a new coordinated switching strategy to improve the transient performance of a fuel cell (FC)- supercapacitor (SC) electric vehicle. The proposed switching strategy protects FCs from large currents drawn during abrupt power variations. Furthermore, it compensates the poor FC transient response and suppresses the transient ripples occurring during power source switching instants. Design/methodology/approach Coordinated power source switching is achieved using three different transition functions. Vehicle model is fractioned into computational and console subsystems for its simulation using real time (RT) LAB simulator. Blocs containing coordination switching strategy, power sources models and their power electronics interface are placed in the computational subsystem that will be executed, in RT, on one of real time laboratory simulator central processing unit cores. Findings Coordination switching strategy resulted in reducing transient power ripples by 90% and direct current (DC) bus voltage fluctuations by 50%. Switching through transition functions compensated the difference between FC and SC transient responses responsible for transient power ripples. Among the three proposed transition functions, linear transition function resulted in the best transient performances. Originality/value The proposed coordinated switching strategy allows the control of the switching period duration. Furthermore, it enables the choice of adequate transition functions that fit the dynamics of power sources undergoing transition. Also, the proposed switching technique is simple and does not require the knowledge of system parameters or the complex control models.

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Modeling and Control of Multi‐Stack Fuel Cell Air System based on Nonlinear Model Predictive Control Method

Gu,

Zhuang,

Lin

et al. 2024

Energy Tech

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Hydrogen is crucial for achieving SDGs by driving energy transition and combating climate change. Proton exchange membrane fuel cell technology, leveraging hydrogen, faces challenges in meeting high‐power demands. The multistack fuel cell system (MFCS) tackles this by integrating multiple substacks, yet its air supply needs meticulous control. Proportional integral derivative (PID) decoupling from single‐stack falls short of MFCS. This article proposes nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) for optimized air flow and pressure decoupling. Modeling MFCS's air system and designing a predictive model, it is aimed to ensuring precise control of air flow and pressure in each substack. The decoupling experiments show that NMPC outperforms PID, accurately managing air flow and pressure and reducing load fluctuations. For air mass flow, NMPC cuts mean‐absolute error (MAE) by 64.56% and root‐mean‐square error (RMSE) by 81.36%. For pressure, MAE drops 81.23% and RMSE 83.59%. Comprehensive step load tests confirm NMPC's precise, dynamic regulation too, compared to PID, NMPC lowers average MAE for air mass by 20.67%, pressure by 32.22%. RMSE improvements of 31.08% and 33.23% highlight NMPC's strength. NMPC's quick response mitigates coupling issues, enhancing vehicle load adaptability.

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Experimental study of the dynamic and transient characteristics of sub-health fuel cell multi-stack systems without DC/DC

Cited by 18 publications

References 42 publications

Simulation of a Novel Integrated Multi-Stack Fuel Cell System Based on a Double-Layer Multi-Objective Optimal Allocation Approach

Simulation of a Novel Integrated Multi-Stack Fuel Cell System Based on a Double-Layer Multi-Objective Optimal Allocation Approach

Novel coordinated power sources switching strategy for transient performance enhancement of hybrid electric vehicles

Modeling and Control of Multi‐Stack Fuel Cell Air System based on Nonlinear Model Predictive Control Method

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