Experimental study of the effects of ullage height on fire plume centerline temperature with a new virtual origin model

Effects of ullage height on heat feedback and combustion emission mechanisms of heptane pool fires

“…Besides, according to experimental observation, smoke particulates accumulated on the pool ullage wall due to its cooling effects on the plume combustion. As a result, the plume temperature was also affected, which we found that plume centerline temperature generally decreases with the ullage height [16].…”

“…They found out that the flame initially anchored around the pool rim under small ullage height conditions, and then it partially covered the burner due to the plume axial flapping as the ullage height grew large. Liu et al [15][16][17] conducted experimental and numerical studies focusing on the effects of ullage height on the flame characteristics, plume centerline temperature, and plume flow and combustion characteristics.…”

Experiments and modeling of the temperature profile of turbulent diffusion flames with large ullage heights

“…Sharma and Mishra [15] experimentally studied the effects of the ullage height on the upper flame temperature profile using stainless steel trays (D = 5 and 10 cm) and found that the temperature of the upper flame for the cases with large ullage heights is 10-20 % higher than that for the ones with small ullage heights. Liu et al [16] conducted heptane experiments using steel trays to investigate the effects of the ullage height (0 ≤ h/D ≤ 1.5) on the evolution of the fire plume temperature (D = 10 and 15 cm) and noted that the centerline temperature in the upper flame increases with the ullage height (h/D > 0.5 for D = 15 cm, and h/D > 0.3 for D = 10 cm) and a model was developed by modifying the virtual origin based on physical and dimensionless analysis.…”

Uncertainty Quantification Analysis of Exhaust Gas Plume in a Crosswind

“…Baum and Gibbes [25] investigated near-field brine discharge dynamics for a desalination plant offshore; different longshore crossflow conditions were examined to quantify the impact distance, dilution and terminal rise. Liu et al [26] experimentally studied the evolution of the fire plume centerline temperature for risk analysis by revealing the effects of the ullage height. Dewar et al [27] developed a new multi-phase leakage plume model integrated with coastal hydrodynamics to predict CO 2 and pH.…”