Experimental study of the effects of thermally induced optical turbulence on underwater wireless optical communication link parameters

Yousefi, Masoud; Kashani, F.D.; Aghajani, Amir; Rad, Mohammad Reza Hedayati

doi:10.1088/2040-8986/ab61c8

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…One possible explanation for the lower measured σ 2 I for the LED compared to the laser is the aperture averaging effect when a larger Rx lens is used [12]. In order to discount this explanation from the study, the 7.5 cm Rx lens is used in combination with all three light sources as well as a smaller Rx lens for comparison.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whilst the effect of turbulence on coherent light has been experimentally evaluated in literature, including references [2], [11], [12], its effect on non-coherent light is less well understood. Some experimental measurement techniques, such as those described in references [13], [14], use a camera to measure the power spectrum of light transmitted from an LED array after propagating through a turbulent channel.…”

Section: Related Work and Contributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Empirical Study of the Underwater Turbulence Effect on Non-Coherent Light

Geldard

Thompson

Popoola

2020

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This letter presents an experimental study comparing the relative impact of turbulence induced scattering on coherent and non-coherent light propagating through water. It is shown that the scintillation index increases with increasing temperature inhomogeneity in the underwater channel. Our results indicate that a light beam from a non-coherent source has a greater resilience to temperature inhomogeneity induced turbulence effect in an underwater channel. These results will help researchers in simulating realistic channel conditions when modelling a light emitting diode (LED) based underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC) link.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Related Work and Contributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Empirical Study of the Underwater Turbulence Effect on Non-Coherent Light

Geldard

Thompson

Popoola

2020

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Strong Weak Moderate > REPLACE THIS LINE WITH YOUR MANUSCRIPT ID NUMBER (DOUBLE-CLICK HERE TO EDIT) < with aperture averaging in Figs. 5-10, the benefit of using a receiver with larger aperture size was experimentally shown in [46] for aperture sizes 𝐷𝐷 𝐺𝐺 = 0.5 cm, 𝐷𝐷 𝐺𝐺 = 1.5 cm, and 𝐷𝐷 𝐺𝐺 = 2.5 cm. Fig.…”

Section: B Gamma-gamma Channel Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Optical Wireless Communication Links in Turbulent Underwater Channels With Wide Range of Water Parameters

Ata

Kiasaleh

2023

IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, the performance of underwater optical wireless communication links is investigated by taking into account turbulence, absorption and scattering effects. Weak turbulent channel is modeled using log-normal distribution while moderate and strong turbulence channels are modeled using gamma-gamma distribution. Rytov variance of Gaussian beam is derived analytically for oceanic turbulence optical power spectrum. Subsequently, scintillation index is calculated using the computed Rytov variance. Moreover, the closed-form expression of bit-error-rate (BER) for underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) systems using intensitymodulated/direct detection (IM/DD) implementation and on-offkeying (OOK) modulation scheme is obtained. Results show that the performance of wireless optical communication link between two platforms in underwater medium is degraded significantly due to turbulence, absorption and scattering. In fact, as the turbulence level increases, its effect becomes quantitatively comparable to those of absorption and scattering effects. The variation of both scintillation index and BER performance are presented for various underwater medium and communication system parameters, such as chlorophyll concentration, average temperature, average salinity concentration, temperature and dissipation rates, wavelength, link length and receiver aperture size. Optical network and internet of underwater things (IoUT) applications, which are growing day by day and requiring high data rates, will benefit from the results of this study.

show abstract

“…The linear temperature and gradient variations are created in the water tank, which induces fluctuations in the received signal, and these fluctuations are modeled using Burr distribution. In addition, the SNR, BER, and aperture averaged scintillation are also evaluated, and the performance of the UWOC link is improved by deploying a broader receiver aperture 30 . For temperature‐based uniform and gradient channels, the PDF of the irradiance fluctuations is characterized using generalized gamma distribution (GGD).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the SNR, BER, and aperture averaged scintillation are also evaluated, and the performance of the UWOC link is improved by deploying a broader receiver aperture. 30 For temperature-based uniform and gradient channels, the PDF of the irradiance fluctuations is characterized using generalized gamma distribution (GGD). All the experimental observations are in close pact with the proposed model for all the considered scenarios.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical channel model to characterize turbulence‐induced fluctuations in the underwater wireless optical communication links

Singh

Kaur

et al. 2022

Int J Communication

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary Underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) turns out to be a primary sought alternative to wireless technology, which can provide high data rate, enormous bandwidth, and low deployment cost and resolve the crowded radio frequency band issues. The performance of the UWOC link is significantly affected by the turbulent ocean environment. In this paper, the different turbulence scenarios such as salinity gradients, temperature gradients, and air bubbles are considered to model the turbulent nature of the ocean environment experimentally. These turbulent conditions induce severe intensity fluctuations in the received optical signal. These intensity fluctuations are modeled stochastically, and a novel turbulence channel model is proposed, which excellently fitted with the experimental data. The conformity of the proposed model is validated by performing a goodness of fit test in terms of R2 and root mean square error (RMSE) coefficients. The results show that for all the considered turbulent scenarios, the Gaussian mixture model better approximates the experimental observations than the Weibull distribution. As the strength of the turbulence increases, the chances of link outage and the probability of bit errors increase. At a flow rate of 4 L/min, the bit error rate (BER) of 10−20, 10−14, and 10−10 is recorded under clear water, salinity, and temperature gradient channel conditions, respectively. It is observed that the air bubbles have a significant impact on the propagating optical beam in comparison to temperature and salinity‐induced turbulence. Moreover, a close agreement between the proposed model and the experimental data is also observed, which makes the proposed model more appropriate to describe the turbulent ocean environment.

show abstract

Experimental study of the effects of thermally induced optical turbulence on underwater wireless optical communication link parameters

Cited by 17 publications

References 44 publications

Empirical Study of the Underwater Turbulence Effect on Non-Coherent Light

Empirical Study of the Underwater Turbulence Effect on Non-Coherent Light

Analysis of Optical Wireless Communication Links in Turbulent Underwater Channels With Wide Range of Water Parameters

Statistical channel model to characterize turbulence‐induced fluctuations in the underwater wireless optical communication links

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About