Experimental study of the features of the occurrence and development of condensation-induced water hammer in a horizontal pipe

Simulation of water hammer in long distance water transmission pipeline based on Flowmaster

“…Therefore, there is a serious shortage of water in certain regions of China, and the lack of water has become a bottleneck in the development of some cities. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt long-distance water transportation to optimize water resource allocation [3][4][5][6].…”

“…It is often necessary to set up a pump station to pressurize the water transmission. However, due to the shutdown of the pump station and the opening and closing of valves, water hammer may occur during operation [6], which can damage pipelines, valves, and water pumps. Excessive positive water hammer often leads to the inability of the pipeline structure to withstand internal pressure, results in internal to external rupture.…”