High-power ultra-fast charging causes the charging gun to rapidly heat up, posing safety hazards. Therefore, the focus of the research is on thermal management during the overcharge process. To address this, a novel thermal management control system (TMS) for high-power liquid-cooled charging piles has been designed. The liquid circulation channels connect the cables and the charging gun, with coolant flowing through the pipes. A pump delivers the coolant to the charging gun to remove heat. The TMS monitors temperature, pressure, and flow to control the oil pump and fan speeds, maintaining the perforating gun temperature within a preset range and managing the system’s heat. This TMS system enables the liquid-cooled charging cables to carry larger currents, significantly enhancing charging power.