“…In combinations, there are usually two separate steering systems: the tractor and the trailer ones. While tractor steering systems can be considered as quite refined (Dixon 2009;Ormezowski 2008), even though research is still being done on their development (Gidlewski 2011;Hussain et al 2005), their counterparts in trailers, especially long, multi-axial semitrailers, require further research and development, which are intensively conducted (Berjoza 2008;Bortoni-Anzures et al 2008;Ding et al 2013;He et al 2010;Kharrazi et al 2013;Odhams et al 2011;Percy, Spark 2012;Rangavajhula, Tsao 2008).…”