Experimental study of the thermal behavior of a water cooled Ni–Cd battery

Mottard, Jean-Michel; Hannay, Cécile; Winandy, Eric

doi:10.1016/s0378-7753(03)00004-1

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Vrednosti ravnote`nih konstanti, K 1 i K 2 , reakcije galvanske baterije za stawa potpune napuwenosti i potpune ispra`wenosti baterije [19,20] Table 5. Values of equilibrium constants, K 1 and K 2 , of the galvanic battery reaction for complete battery fullness and emptiness, respectively [19,20] 25 °C -30 °C i = const., A K 1 K 2 i = const., A K 1 K 2 0,1C 5 Вредности електромоторних сила, напона пражњења и омске компоненте унутрашњих електричних отпорности батерије при пражњењу са седам различитих вредности константних струја на темпера-турама од ±25 и -30 °C, графички су приказани на сликама 1 и 2, редом [19,20]. На наведеним сликама су измерене вредности напона пражњења приказане звездицама, а апроксимационе вредности пуном ли-нијом, док су вредности електромоторних сила и омске компоненте унутрашње електричне отпорности батерије приказане пуном линијом.…”

Section: резултати и дискусијаunclassified

“…Е-пошта: andro50@vgn.rs Рад примљен: 14. фебруар 2010. Рад прихваћен: 6. април 2010. концентрације од 0,1 до 20 mol kg -1 и водоником под притиском од 0,1 до 500 bar [4], проблематика загревања и стварања топлоте никал-кадмијум батерија за време процеса пуњења, препуњавања, паузе и пражњења, где су резултати добијени експерименталним испитивањима [5], а разматрано је и питање електрохемијског опоравка кадмијума код искоришћених никал-кадмијум батерија [6]. Такође је обрађена проблематика пуњења никал-кадмијум батерија, где је детаљно описана предложена метода и поступак, величине које се мере и предности у односу на позната решења, као и анализа добијених резултата [7], затим проблематика брзог пуњења никал-кадмијум и метал-хидрид батерија са могућношћу праћења мерених величина преко рачунара и обрадом података у реалном времену помоћу Matlab/Simuling програма, као и контроле и управљања у циљу спречавања оштећења пуњача и батерије [8,9].…”

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Influence of current and temperature on discharge characteristics of electrochemical nickel−cadmium system

Todorović

Grgur²,

Rajović³

2010

Hem Ind

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The paper elaborates determination of characteristic values in the discharging process of non-hermetic nickel-cadmium galvanic battery with nominal voltage Un = 60 V and nominal capacity qn = C5 = 190 Ah and its dependence from current and temperature. Study has been performed with the set of experimental metering of voltages, electromotive force, current from discharge time range and electromotive force in steady state regime before and after battery charging. Electromotive force characteristics are obtained by using the Nernst?s equation, while the least square method was used to determine the average values of internal electrical resistivity, power losses and efficiency level. These results were used in the approximate exponential functions to determine the range dependence of the efficiency level from the internal electrical resistance of discharge current in reliance from the temperature range. Obtained results show that, in accordance to the given voltage variation of 10% Un, this type of battery holds maximal full load current of one hour capacity at the temperature of 25?C and maximal full load current of two hours capacity at the temperature of ?30?C. The methodology used in the case study covers determination of the electromotive force in time range based on the metered results of values during complete battery fullness and emptiness with prior determination of equilibrium constants of galvanic battery reaction through method suggested by the author of this paper. Further process, using the electromotive force values obtained through the aforementioned process, the metered current, and approximate polynomial function of the nominal discharge voltage characteristic determines range of battery internal electric resistance from time, followed by the selection of discharge cases with average values for: voltage, electromotive force, internal electrical resistance, available and utilized power, power losses, and battery efficiency level. An overview of the obtained characteristics for analyzed battery and their comparison with the producers prescribed values and standards led to gaining of the valuable data that show how and in what measure do current and temperature influence the discharge characteristic of non-hermetic nickel-cadmium batteries with an especial observation of internal electrical resistance and battery efficiency level. Obtained results show that electrochemical power sources may provide electric energy with prescribed quality and quantity, with high level of work reliability, as well as with all other positive technical and economic effects within the given current-temperature range.

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Section: резултати и дискусијаunclassified

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Influence of current and temperature on discharge characteristics of electrochemical nickel−cadmium system

Todorović

Grgur²,

Rajović³

2010

Hem Ind

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“…At present, the cooling methods of battery packs mainly include air cooling [1,2], liquid cooling [3,4], phase change material cooling [5,6] and heat pipe cooling [7,8]. Air cooling has the advantages of simple structure and low cost, but it has the shortcomings of insufficient cooling effect and temperature non-uniformity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Modular Liquid-cooled Battery Thermal Management for Cylindrical Lithium-ion Battery Module

Wang¹,

Tao²,

Liu³

et al. 2019

dteees

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Effective battery thermal management is significant for electric vehicle to maintain the performance and life cycle of battery packs. In this paper, a novel modular liquid-cooled system for batteries is designed, and the effect of cooling water flow rate and cooling mode (Serial cooling and parallel cooling) on the thermal behavior of the battery module is studied by CFD numerical simulation and experiment. The results show that there is a limit to improve the cooling effect by increasing the cooling water flow rate for the specific cooling structure. When the flow rate is relatively small, increasing the cooling water flow rate can significantly lower the maximum temperature and improve the temperature uniformity in the battery module; when the flow rate increases to a certain value, increasing the cooling water flow rate has no obvious effect on improving cooling effect. Compared with serial cooling, parallel cooling can significantly lower the temperature of the battery module, reduce the temperature difference between single cells, and improve the temperature uniformity of the battery module.

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“…[3][4][5][6] The high temperature significantly deteriorates cycle life and it is one important reason to trigger thermal runaway, especially for batteries with high energy and power density. [7][8][9][10] Past efforts mainly focus on modeling of external cooling technologies, such as forced air and liquid cooling, to lower battery temperature 5,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] , where the lumped heat transfer model is widely used without considering thermal conductivity (k) of a battery itself [15][16][17][18] . Only a few references took battery thermal conductivity into account with assumed values 5,11,19 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermally conductive separator with hierarchical nano/microstructures for improving thermal management of batteries

et al. 2016

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Thermal management is critical to improving battery performance and suppressing thermal runaway. Besides developing external cooling technologies, it is important to understand and control thermal transport inside batteries. In this paper, heat transfer inside batteries is first analyzed and the thermal conductivity of each component is measured. The results show that low thermal conductivity of the separator is one major barrier for heat transfer in Li-ion batteries. To improve thermal conductivity of the separator, a hierarchical nano/micro-Al2O3/polymer separator is prepared with thermal conductivity of ~1 W m-1 K-1 , representing an enhancement of 5 X compared to commercial polyethylene-based separators. Modeling has been performed to understand mechanism behind the enhancement of thermal conductivity, which suggests that addition of nanoparticles significantly reduces thickness of polymer coating on micronsized Al2O3 particles and thus increase the thermal conductivity of the composite separator. This Al2O3-based separator also has similar ionic conductivity with commercial polymer separators. Such composite separator may have potential applications in developing batteries with better performance and safety.

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Experimental study of the thermal behavior of a water cooled Ni–Cd battery

Cited by 16 publications

References 6 publications

Influence of current and temperature on discharge characteristics of electrochemical nickel−cadmium system

Influence of current and temperature on discharge characteristics of electrochemical nickel−cadmium system

A Novel Modular Liquid-cooled Battery Thermal Management for Cylindrical Lithium-ion Battery Module

Thermally conductive separator with hierarchical nano/microstructures for improving thermal management of batteries

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