CO2 injection to enhance coalbed methane (CO2-ECBM)
production is a promising technology for realizing the efficient
exploitation of new energy resource, but its effect is cooperatively
affected by miscellaneous influencing factors. To elucidate the mechanism
and increase the efficiency of the displacement of CH4 by
CO2, CO2 flooding experiments under the influence
of the injection pressure, confining pressure, and temperature were
conducted. The results show that an increase in the injection pressure
enlarges the pore-fracture network of the coal matrix and promotes
its gas adsorption ability and seepage capacity, while an increase
in the confining pressure compresses the coal body and reduces the
adsorption capacity and permeability. Increasing the temperature enhances
kinetic energy and induces the thermal swelling effect, which disfavors
the adsorption and seepage processes. The CO2 adsorption
capacity is larger than the CH4 adsorption capacity due
to the higher adsorption affinity of CO2, but the CO2 permeability is lower than the CH4 permeability
due to the severe adsorption swelling effect. The CO2 flooding
process is characterized by three parameters (equal percentage displacement
time, displacement rate, and displacement efficiency) and can be divided
into the CO2 driving stage, replacement and displacement
stage, and equilibrium stage. The injection pressure and temperature
decrease the displacement time and increase the displacement rate
and displacement efficiency, while confining pressure shows the opposite
trends. Multifactor interaction models of the displacement efficiency
of coal seams at various buried depths were established and demonstrated
to appropriately predict the displacement efficiency of CO2-ECBM in deep coal seams. The displacement efficiency is controlled
by the reservoir performance, geological characteristics, and CO2 injection technology. The selection of a high-permeability
coal reservoir and coal seams with an appropriate buried depth and
the development of a reasonable injection plan are suggested for the
implementation of CO2-ECBM extraction.