Experimental study on damage mechanism of blood vessel by cavitation bubbles

Collapsing behavior of spark-induced cavitation bubble in rigid tube

“…As the tube diameter decreases to 1.24, 1.03, and 0.83, the φ varies between 1.3-1.5 as η increases. However, the φ in the elastic tube with an inner diameter of 0.83 is close to 1.29 [30] , which indicates that the radial confinement effect of a rigid tube on bubble expand is stronger than that of an elastic tube, resulting in bubbles in rigid tubes with the same inner diameter being more elongated than those in elastic tubes. As the γ is 0.62 and 0.52, respectively, the φ increases initially and then stabilizes as the tube length η increases, with φ being nearly 1.6 for tube lengths η < 1.4 and exceeding 2.5 for tube lengths η > 1.4.…”

“…The formation of a pair of opposing microjets along the tube axial can be explained by tube wall radial constraint bubble and the unrestricted tube axis. Therefore, the space released by the bubble is replenished by the axial liquid in the tube [30] . The decrease in microjet velocity with the increase tube length can be explained in two parts: η < 3.5, during the bubble contraction stage, water in the free field outside the tube can rapidly enter the tube from both ends.…”

“…In the experimental results, no microjet in the rigid tube was observed under the condition of the tube diameter was larger than 2.63. Liu and Luo, 2023 [30] studied the collapse of bubble in an elastic tube with an inner diameter of 16 mm and a thickness of 2 mm. They found that the microjet velocity was approximately 50 m/s.…”

“…Caskey et al, (2007) [29] conducted experimental research on bubble oscillations in vessels and observed that the rigid capillary model reduced the rate of expansion for bubbles compared to bubbles in an unconfined environment. The bubble expansion and contraction can result in the deformation and even rupture of blood vessels [30] , [31] , [32] . The occurrence of cavitation in cylindrical pipes, as mentioned in various fields, has inspired scientists research into the bubbles within the pipes.…”

“…Further analysis revealed that the properties of the flexible coating and the diameter of the tube also play a role in bubble dynamics. Liu and Luo., (2023) [30] experimentally studied the interaction between elastic tubes of different thicknesses and internal cavitation bubble of tubes. Koita et al, (2017) [39] studied the influence of water depth changes on collapse of bubble and formation microjet in rectangular section pipe with one end closed.…”