Experimental study on dynamic properties of railway ballast mixed with tire derived aggregate by modal shaker test

Esmaeili, Morteza; Zakeri, Jabbar Ali; Ebrahimi, Hamed; Sameni, Mohammad Khadem

doi:10.1177/1687814016640245

Cited by 35 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…For instance, Sol-Sa´nchez et al 18 have done some laboratory researches on ballast mixed with crumb rubber, and the results show significant reduction of particle breakage under unfavorable cyclic loading. In another study, Esmaeili et al 19 have done some laboratory researches on the dynamic behavior of ballast mixed with TDA. Ballast was mixed with 0, 11, 22 and 33 volume percentages of TDA in a loading chamber and were examined under different types of dynamic loads such as sweep sine imposed by a shaker on a rigid square plate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental and numerical investigation of the dynamic behavior of ballasted track containing ballast mixed with TDA

Esmaeili

Ebrahimi

Sameni

2016

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F:

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The phenomenon of track rigidity in desert areas due to sand dune movement and ballast contamination is one of the most important causes of ballasted railway track degradation and consequently increase in train-induced vibrations. In addition to looking at the existing methods for reducing the track rigidity such as using ballast mat and installing the under sleeper pad, this paper focuses on evaluating the dynamic behavior of railway track including ballast mixed with tire-derived aggregate in a field study. Based on prior laboratory tests done by the authors and latest researches, 10 volume percentages of tire-derived aggregate were adopted as maximum suitable amount to be mixed with ballast for decreasing the track rigidity and increasing its damping property maintaining the basic ballasted track capabilities. In this regard, in a test track located in central desert of Iran in Bafgh-Jandagh railway route, the ballast was mixed with 0, 5 and 10% of tire-derived aggregate by tamping machine in three different sections with 20 m lengths. Moreover, another test section in the same route with fully fouled ballast was considered as a critical bench mark. Many tests were carried out on the mentioned sections using impact test method. In the next stage, the operational modal analysis method was utilized to achieve the tested sections' mode shapes, natural frequencies and damping ratios as well as geometrical attenuation from the recorded responses. By knowing the modal properties, numerical models of tracks were developed, and the effect of tire-derived aggregate as well as fouling on track stiffness was evaluated.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In another study, Esmaeili et al. 19 have done some laboratory researches on the dynamic behavior of ballast mixed with TDA. Ballast was mixed with 0, 11, 22 and 33 volume percentages of TDA in a loading chamber and were examined under different types of dynamic loads such as sweep sine imposed by a shaker on a rigid square plate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and numerical investigation of the dynamic behavior of ballasted track containing ballast mixed with TDA

Esmaeili

Ebrahimi

Sameni

2016

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F:

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“…It should be finally noted that based on the results of previous research [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], 5% up to 10% TDA is a suitable mixture content with ballast materials for the particles breakage, while the ballast shear strength will be slightly affected. Moreover, the addition of TDA to the ballast affects the settlement of the railway structure to a limited extent (for example, about 6% for 10% TDA in Ref.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Besides the vibration mitigation methods mentioned, some recent studies [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] introduce a new approach of mixing the ballast material with TDA to increase the track resiliency, improve the damping properties, and decrease the breakage and wear of ballast particles. Based on these researches, the effects of TDA on various aspects of ballast layer including particles degradation, static and dynamic performances, and damping properties have been investigated both experimentally and numerically under normal circumstances and sand-fouled conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this mean, four existing test sections of ballast layer with, respectively, 0, 2.5, 5, and 10 weighted percentages of TDA have been served. Selecting the upper limit of TDA material is based on the results of prior research studies conducted on ballast-TDA mixtures; the obvious reason for the restriction required for addition of more than 10% TDA is the reduction of shear strength as well as the increase in the long-term ballast settlement (see References [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]). Then, a motor-powered draisine with four different speeds is passed through the track and related vibration responses are recorded in the form of velocity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of tire-derived aggregates mixed with ballast on ground-borne vibrations

2019

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In this paper, the use of recycled tire-derived aggregates (TDA) mixed with ballast material is evaluated in order to reduce the train-induced ground-borne vibrations. For this purpose, a series of field vibration measurements has been carried out at an executed pilot track. The prepared ballast layer was mixed with different percentages of TDA in three sections. Moreover, another test section with pure ballast is considered as a reference. The vibrations generated by a motor-powered draisine at two different speeds are then recorded. Records of vibration data are provided using four seismometers placed once longitudinally and once transversely beside different sections. The outputs are then processed in both velocity-time and velocity-frequency domains. To verify the vibration mitigation performance of TDA in real operation conditions, field measurements under the passage of two planned passenger and freight trains are finally arranged. Results show that the best TDA mixture ratio, i.e., 10% by weight, can reduce the transmitted vibrations up to 12 dB for frequencies above 31.5 Hz. According to the obtained efficiency and the very low cost of the recycled materials, this solution can be considered as a competitive vibration countermeasure.

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A Mixture of Waste Materials as a Construction Fill in Transportation Infrastructure

Tawk

Indraratna

Rujikiatkamjorn

et al. 2021

Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering

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The reuse of waste materials in engineering projects is a sustainable concept that is being increasingly adopted in civil projects including the transportation infrastructure sector. A mixture of coal wash (CW), a waste produced by the coal mining industry, and rubber crumbs (RC), produced by shredding waste rubber tyres, is a possible alternative to natural quarried rock aggregates that are traditionally used in sublayers of transportation corridors. These materials have different properties than traditional aggregates and their geotechnical behaviour must be investigated before they can be confidently used in transportation infrastructure projects. This study particularly addresses the compaction characteristics of four CWRC mixtures (i.e. 0, 5, 10 and 15% rubber content) with a focus on the energy absorbing nature of rubber. The compaction energy must be increased to compensate for the energy absorbed by rubber and produce a compact packing of particles while keeping the breakage levels to a minimum. The strength and deformation properties of the mixture are also addressed through static triaxial tests under three confining pressures to simulate field conditions (i.e. 25, 50 and 75 kPa). The preliminary results showed that the mixture has sufficient strength for transportation sublayers that are not the main load bearing layers such as the subbase layer in roads and the capping/subballast layer in railways. Despite the compressibility of rubber which induces higher settlements, for the loads applied in practice at the level of a subbase or a capping layer, the expected settlements are within the allowable limits.

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Experimental study on dynamic properties of railway ballast mixed with tire derived aggregate by modal shaker test

Cited by 35 publications

References 9 publications

Experimental and numerical investigation of the dynamic behavior of ballasted track containing ballast mixed with TDA

Experimental and numerical investigation of the dynamic behavior of ballasted track containing ballast mixed with TDA

Influence of tire-derived aggregates mixed with ballast on ground-borne vibrations

A Mixture of Waste Materials as a Construction Fill in Transportation Infrastructure

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