Experimental study on mechanical properties of material extrusion additive manufactured parts from recycled glass fibre-reinforced polypropylene composite

Sam-Daliri, Omid; Ghabezi, Pouyan; Steinbach, Juliana; Flanagan, Tomás; Finnegan, William; Mitchell, Sinéad; Harrison, Noel M.

doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2023.110125

Cited by 55 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“… − Furthermore, we plan to explore the maximum amount of SCF added to balance the formability and comprehensive performance of 3D printed composites. At the same time, the regular effects of SCF content and 3D printing settings on the performance of composites, such as mechanical, , thermal, , and electrical properties, , also have the significance of being studied, compared to traditional forming methods. , The addition of high-content SCFs helps to break through the performance limitations of 3D printed composite products, making them have broad application potential in fields such as aerospace, automobiles, electronic devices, sensors, wearable devices, and so on.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At present, the matrix materials of conventional FDM composite consumables, such as PLA and TPU, undergo rapid degradation and are not suitable for the harsh processing conditions mentioned above. PP is a typical representative of polyolefin polymers, ,− with low cost, excellent processability, and chemical stability. Therefore, PP is often used as a matrix for cleaning materials and medical accessories .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical, Thermal, and Electrical Properties on 3D Printed Short Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Composites

Zhan,

Su,

Tuo

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer-matrix composites have been an important research topic due to their high performance and versatility. In this study, we investigated the mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of short carbon fiberreinforced polypropylene (SCF/PP) composites prepared using the fused deposition modeling (FDM)-3D printing technique. PP was selected as the matrix for 3D printed composites to overcome the processing problems caused by the high content of SCFs. The addition of SCFs also effectively mitigated the warping problem during the PP cooling process. Compared to pure PP, the tensile strength increased by up to 35%, and the bending strength exhibited an approximate 40% enhancement. With increasing SCF content, the thermal conductivity exhibited a linear growth, reaching 0.266 W/(m • K) at 70 °C for the PPCF50 sample, simultaneously demonstrating excellent electrical conductivity. The material also displayed significant potential in electromagnetic protection applications, achieving a maximum shielding effectiveness of 29.8 dB. The texture direction and filling density in 3D printing settings have also been proven to play important roles in adjusting the performance of composite samples. The attempt of this study is beneficial for promoting the widespread application of polyolefin polymers as a consumable matrix material for 3D printed SCF-reinforced composite products.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical, Thermal, and Electrical Properties on 3D Printed Short Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Composites

Zhan,

Su,

Tuo

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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“…These are mainly polymeric materials belonging to the group of thermoplastics. Their great advantage is the possibility of reprocessing them, which people often overlook, resulting in them ending up in landfills [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mixtures were produced using a compounding extruder (see diagram). Most authors present research results based on the recycling of polymer composites filled with glass fibers or the analysis of the properties of thermoplastic composites made from secondary raw materials [ 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 , 9 , 12 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Selected Properties of Polymer Mixtures Derived from Virgin and Re-Granulated PP with Glass Fibers

Stachowiak,

Kwiatkowski,

Chmielarz

et al. 2024

Materials

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The problem of the growing amount of waste polymer materials currently affects virtually every area of the global economy. New actions taken by the E.U. and member states could lead to a reduction in the burden on the natural environment, as well as the reuse of thermoplastic waste. The aim of this study was to analyze the possibility of reusing post-industrial waste (recycled polypropylene—rPP) in order to produce mixtures with original polypropylene (PP) and glass fibers. The research undertaken is characterized by a high level of innovation and was carried out on an industrial scale from industrial waste. The primary goal of the analyses was to determine changes in the properties of the polymer mixtures depending on the amount of recycled polymers. For this purpose, four types of mixtures were prepared, characterized by different degrees of filling with recycled material obtained from big-bag packaging (the filling levels were 0 wt.%, 20 wt.%, 30 wt.%, and 70 wt.%). A detailed analysis of the physical properties of the obtained mixtures was carried out to determine changes in the densities depending on the amount of rPP material. In addition, changes in the MFIs (melt flow indexes), characterizing viscosity changes, were analyzed depending on the amount of secondary raw material used. An analysis of the mechanical properties was also carried out based on static tensile testing, the impact strength (the Charpy method), and the Rockwell hardness test (the M method). The analysis of the thermal changes was performed using the DSC method. The results showed that the composites made of virgin polypropylene (PP GF30) and those made from re-granulates and glass fibers (rPP GF30) are characterized by similar mechanical properties and significantly different processing properties, determined by MFI. This means that the addition of re-granulates significantly affects the processability of the obtained materials, while the addition of glass fibers maintains the basic mechanical properties.

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“…In three-dimensional (3D) printing, it is the most widely used polymer because of its low melting point, which is between 190 °C and 220 °C, and its optimal consolidation once printed. In addition, 3D printing allows the optimisation and automation of production, leading to less waste and the possibility of using recycled thermoplastic materials [ 1 ] for a manufacturing process that is more respectful of the environment. Nowadays, the shape memory capability of PLA is of high interest for the manufacturing of four-dimensional (4D) printed components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electro-Mechanical Characterisation and Damage Monitoring by Acoustic Emission of 3D-Printed CB/PLA

Roumy,

Truong-Hoang,

Touchard

et al. 2024

Materials

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Even though the influence of the printing direction on the mechanical properties of 3D-printed samples by fused filament fabrication is established in the literature, very little is known about mechanical and electrical coupling. In this study, electrically conductive polylactic acid filled with carbon black particles undergoes monotonic and repeated progressive tensile loading to better understand the influence of the printing direction on the electro-mechanical properties of three-dimensional-printed samples. The objective is to analyse the electro-mechanical behaviour of this composite for its potential application as an actuator. The classical laminate theory is also applied to evaluate the relevance of this theory in predicting the mechanical characteristics of this material. In addition, a comprehensive damage analysis is performed using acoustic emission, infrared thermography, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray microcomputed tomography imaging. Results show that the degradation of the mechanical and electrical properties is highly influenced by the printing direction. The appearance and development of crazes in 0° filaments are highlighted and quantified. The conclusions drawn by this study underline the interest in using longitudinal and unidirectional printing directions to improve the conductive path within the samples. Furthermore, the evolution of the resistance throughout the experiments emphasizes the need to control the implemented voltage in the design of future electro-thermally triggered actuators.

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Experimental study on mechanical properties of material extrusion additive manufactured parts from recycled glass fibre-reinforced polypropylene composite

Cited by 55 publications

References 40 publications

Mechanical, Thermal, and Electrical Properties on 3D Printed Short Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Composites

Mechanical, Thermal, and Electrical Properties on 3D Printed Short Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Composites

Analysis of Selected Properties of Polymer Mixtures Derived from Virgin and Re-Granulated PP with Glass Fibers

Electro-Mechanical Characterisation and Damage Monitoring by Acoustic Emission of 3D-Printed CB/PLA

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