Experimental Study on the Influence of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Soaking Pressure on the Mechanical Properties of Shale

Xia, Guo; Ni, Hongjian; Li, Mukun; Zhang, Lei; Wang, Yuxin; Lu, Doukun

doi:10.1007/s40098-017-0289-8

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO 2 ), which is above its critical pressure and temperature (31.1 °C and 7.38 MPa), is a nontoxic, nonflammable, nonexplosive, inexpensive reagent. [46][47][48] scCO 2 has a high diffusion coefficient and low viscosity; this favors mass transfer. It is used for the synthesis and modification of polymers, including impregnation with fillers, sterilization, removal of solvents (so-called "supercritical drying") and small molecules from polymeric materials (residual UV stabilizers, monomers, and oligomers).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

4D Printing of Shape‐Memory Semi‐Interpenetrating Polymer Networks Based On Aromatic Heterochain Polymers

Bardakova

Kholkhoev

Farion

et al. 2021

Adv Materials Technologies

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advent of smart materials. These materials are called smart due to their self-sensing, self-adaptability, memory capabilities and manifold functions. [1,2] Smart materials are capable of transforming their physical properties (dimensions, shape, stiffness, viscosity, adhesion, and color) following the action of different stimuli, namely, temperature, mechanical strength, electric current, light, magnetic field, chemicals, etc. [3][4][5] A combination of smart materials and 3D printing has resulted in a new field known as 4D printing. 4D printed articles may be used in different fields, including electronics, [2] aerospace industry, [1,2] engineering, [6] sensorics, [2] robotics and medicine. [7] Thermosensitive shape-memory polymers (SMPs) are the most widely studied and used group of materials. [8] In the structure of heat-sensitive SMPs, stiff segments are responsible for the retention of the permanent shape, while flexible segments are responsible for the fixation and retention of the temporary form. [8] Compared with inorganic ceramics and metallic smart materials, SMPs possess such advantages as simpler processing, chemical stability, high stress tolerance, and high recoverable strains. [4] A significant problem of the wide use of both 4D printing and 3D printing in general is a limited range of polymeric Mostof the presently known thermosensitive shape-memory polymers suitable for 4D printing have insufficient mechanical strength and thermal stability that restricts their potential areas of application. Here, new photosensitive compositions (PSCs) based on aromatic heterochain polymers -poly-N,N′-(m-phenylene)isophthalamide (MPA) or poly-2,2′-(p-oxydiphenylene)-5,5′dibenzimidazole (OPBI) -for DLP printing are proposed. Thermal post-curing and supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO 2 ) are used for post-processing of the structures. During the scCO 2 treatment the removal of unreacted monomeric component (N,N-dimethylacrylamide) and its uncrosslinked oligomers is accompanied by the preservation of the initial degree of crosslinking. The more stable shrinkage is observed for the combined post-processing method (T°+scCO 2 ) in the case of OPBI-PSC and after the heat treatment for MPA-PSC specimens. The method of post-processing and the nature of the heterochain polymer strongly affect the mechanical properties and thermal resistance of the structures. The tensile strength has the maximum value after the thermal posttreatment (101.1 ± 7.1 and 78.4 ± 5.1 MPa of OPBI-PSC and MPA-PSC, respectively). The intense destruction of the materials is observed at 393 and 408 °C for MPA-PSC and OPBI-PSC, respectively. Moreover, the 4D-printed structures exhibit excellent shape memory performance at transition temperatures >100 °C, thus have a great potential for the use in aerospace, robotics, sensorics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

4D Printing of Shape‐Memory Semi‐Interpenetrating Polymer Networks Based On Aromatic Heterochain Polymers

Bardakova

Kholkhoev

Farion

et al. 2021

Adv Materials Technologies

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“…In the process of CO 2 exploration and development of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs such as shale gas, the impact of CO 2 on reservoir rocks is extremely complex, which has been studied by many scholars [15][16][17][18]. In the practical application of oil and gas engineering, whether it is CO 2 fracturing, displacement or CO 2 geological storage, the impact of CO 2 on the reservoir rock seepage characteristics cannot be ignored [19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study of the effect of CO₂ on rock seepage characteristics

Xia

Sun

Liu

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

Self Cite

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The influence of different phase states of CO2 on the seepage characteristics of different rocks is one of the most important factors to enhance shale gas exploitation, such as CO2 fracturing and displacement, and achieve CO2 geological storage. Rock soaking experiments with different CO2 phase states were carried out to compare and analyze the influence of permeability, contact angle, starting pressure gradient and other seepage characteristic parameters of sandstone and shale before and after soaking. Research shows: After soaking in liquid and supercritical CO2, the permeability and contact angle of sandstone and shale increase in varying degrees, and the starting pressure gradient decreases in varying degrees. After soaking in liquid CO2, the permeability of sandstone and shale increased by 1.71% and 12.88% respectively, the contact angle increased by 3.23% and 7.47% respectively, and the starting pressure gradient decreased by 3.02% and 5.88% respectively. After supercritical CO2 immersion, the permeability of sandstone and shale increased by 37.37% and 48.82% respectively, the contact angle increased by 19.27% and 36.80% respectively, and the starting pressure gradient decreased by 35.39% and 39.34% respectively. Compared with sandstone, the seepage characteristics of shale after soaking in liquid and supercritical CO2 have greater changes; Compared with liquid CO2, the seepage characteristics of sandstone and shale change more after supercritical CO2 soaking. With the increase of supercritical CO2 soaking time, the contact angle of sandstone slightly increases, while that of shale obviously increases. Compared with liquid CO2, the change of seepage curves of sandstone and shale after supercritical CO2 soaking is more different.

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“…In the past few years, the large-scale development and utilization of shale oil in the United States were mainly based on horizontal drilling and the multi-stage hydraulic fracturing technology. − Although the traditional hydraulic fracturing technology has achieved great success in developing shale gas, it also caused many problems such as reservoir damage and clay mineral expansion. , SC-CO 2 has the characteristics of a low-viscosity gas and a high-density liquid . Moreover, the research shows that these characteristics can be used to promote the development of oil and gas resources. − However, the interaction between SC-CO 2 and shale leads to changes in mineral composition, pore structure, and mechanical properties. It is of great significance to study the interaction mechanism of SC-CO 2 and shale for the major development of shale oil and gas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution Characteristics of Mechanical Properties under Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Treatment in Shale Reservoirs

Meng

Tao

et al. 2021

ACS Omega

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Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) has been progressively used in the development of shale oil and gas. However, the interaction between CO2 and shale can change the mineral composition and the pore structure, thus affecting the mechanical properties of shale. To study the influence of SC-CO2 on shale, shale samples collected from the Songliao Basin in China are treated with SC-CO2 at various time intervals. Then, a series of tests are performed, such as the mineral composition analysis test, the pore structure analysis test, and the macro mechanics test. The results show that the mechanical properties of shale gradually decrease exponentially with the increase of SC-CO2 treatment time. The loss of elastic modulus reaches about 47% after the treatment of 14 d. X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the mineral (except quartz) content decreases after SC-CO2 treatment, and in particular, the proportions of carbonate minerals significantly decrease by about 12%. The primary pores and fractures are eroded through dissolution, and new pores and fracture structures are developed on the surface microstructure. In addition, the proportion of micropores and mesopores decreases, while the proportion of macropores increases after SC-CO2 treatment. The specific surface area and average pore size present upward trends during SC-CO2 treatment. The changes of mineral assemblage and pore structure lead to the obvious decline of mechanical properties in shale reservoirs. This study contributes to understanding the evolution characteristics of mechanical properties under SC-CO2 treatment, which is of great significance for the efficient exploitation in shale reservoirs.

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Experimental Study on the Influence of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Soaking Pressure on the Mechanical Properties of Shale

Cited by 12 publications

References 13 publications

4D Printing of Shape‐Memory Semi‐Interpenetrating Polymer Networks Based On Aromatic Heterochain Polymers

4D Printing of Shape‐Memory Semi‐Interpenetrating Polymer Networks Based On Aromatic Heterochain Polymers

Experimental study of the effect of CO₂ on rock seepage characteristics

Evolution Characteristics of Mechanical Properties under Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Treatment in Shale Reservoirs

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Experimental Study on the Influence of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Soaking Pressure on the Mechanical Properties of Shale

Cited by 12 publications

References 13 publications

4D Printing of Shape‐Memory Semi‐Interpenetrating Polymer Networks Based On Aromatic Heterochain Polymers

4D Printing of Shape‐Memory Semi‐Interpenetrating Polymer Networks Based On Aromatic Heterochain Polymers

Experimental study of the effect of CO2 on rock seepage characteristics

Evolution Characteristics of Mechanical Properties under Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Treatment in Shale Reservoirs

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Product

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Experimental study of the effect of CO₂ on rock seepage characteristics