Experimental Study on the Interplay between Different Brine Types/Concentrations and CO2 Injectivity for Effective CO2 Storage in Deep Saline Aquifers

Abstract

Salt precipitation during CO2 storage in deep saline aquifers can have severe consequences on injectivity during carbon storage. Extensive studies have been carried out on CO2 solubility with individual or mixed salt solutions; however, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, there is no substantial study to consider pressure decay rate as a function of CO2 solubility in brine, and the range of brine concentration for effective CO2 storage. This study presents an experimental core flooding of the Bentheimer sandstone sample under simulated reservoir conditions to examine the effect of four different types of brine at a various ranges of salt concentration (5 to 25 wt.%) on CO2 storage. Results indicate that porosity and permeability reduction, as well as salt precipitation, is higher in divalent brines. It is also found that, at 10 to 20 wt.% brine concentrations in both monovalent and divalent brines, a substantial volume of CO2 is sequestered, which indicates the optimum concentration ranges for storage purposes. Hence, the magnitude of CO2 injectivity impairment depends on both the concentration and type of salt species. The findings from this study are directly relevant to CO2 sequestration in deep saline aquifers as well as screening criteria for carbon storage with enhanced gas and oil recovery processes.

Recent Advances in Geological Storage: Trapping Mechanisms, Storage Sites, Projects, and Application of Machine Learning

“…To determine the optimal salinity conditions for CO 2 storage, Edem and colleagues conducted a core displacement test using Bentheimer sandstone samples with a diameter of 1 in., length of 3 in., and permeability ranging from 1500 to 3500 mD. The samples were immersed in various concentrations of saline water to simulate different mineralization levels in the formation.…”

“…Schematic diagram of the core flooding experiment. This figure was reproduced with permission from ref . Copyright 2022 MDPI.…”

Geo-mechanical and geo-morphology characterisation of the cap rocks in the Niger Delta for potential carbon capture and storage

“…An excessive amount of carbon dioxide has been expended in the atmosphere leading to an increase in the average global temperature [ [1] , [2] , [3] , [4] ]. The carbon dioxide concentration has significantly increased from the preindustrial era from as low as 200 parts per million (PPM) to presently over 415 parts per million (PPM) under large-scale emissions [ 5 , 6 ].…”