Experimental study on the river blockage and landslide dam formation induced by rock slides

Liao, Hai-mei; Yang, Xing-guo; Lu, Guoyan; Tao, Jian; Zhou, Jia‐wen

doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2019.105269

Cited by 31 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…For its understanding, various experiments were carried out, such as the use of differential equations for the dynamics of the system [ 129 ], analysis of the theory of the critical state in the mobilization of debris flows due to the increase in the basal pressure of pores [ 194 ], and the generation of dynamic models to understand the evolution of the system [ 112 ]. For a further understanding of debris flow, maps used that are supported by Geographic Information Systems (GIS) [ 195 , 196 ], geophysical studies [ 197 ] and statistical methods such as logistic regression (LR) [ 198 , 199 ] and Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS) were explored [ 200 ], allowing us to understand the formation or prevention of landslide dams [ 201 , 202 , 203 ] and debris flows, which can also be generated by shallow landslides, which are identified through susceptibility mapping [ 124 , 204 , 205 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Worldwide Research Trends in Landslide Science

Carrión-Mero

Montalván-Burbano

Morante-Carballo

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Landslides are generated by natural causes and by human action, causing various geomorphological changes as well as physical and socioeconomic loss of the environment and human life. The study, characterization and implementation of techniques are essential to reduce land vulnerability, different socioeconomic sector susceptibility and actions to guarantee better slope stability with a significant positive impact on society. The aim of this work is the bibliometric analysis of the different types of landslides that the United States Geological Survey (USGS) emphasizes, through the SCOPUS database and the VOSviewer software, for the analysis of their structure, scientific production, and the close relationship with several scientific fields and its trends. The methodology focuses on: (i) search criteria; (ii) data extraction and cleaning; (iii) generation of graphs and bibliometric mapping; and (iv) analysis of results and possible trends. The study and analysis of landslides are in a period of exponential growth, focusing mainly on techniques and solutions for the stabilization, prevention, and categorization of the most susceptible hillslope sectors. Therefore, this research field has the full collaboration of various authors and places a significant focus on the conceptual evolution of the landslide science.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Worldwide Research Trends in Landslide Science

Carrión-Mero

Montalván-Burbano

Morante-Carballo

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…9 Location and main parameters of the Baige landslide dam: a location map (Zhang et al 2019a), b study area (from @Google Earth, 2020), c main parameters (modified from Xu et al (2018), and d cross-sectional profile based on any prototype but only exploratory experiments in this study. Theoretically, it is better to design an experiment that can be scaled to a prototype, but this seems difficult to achieve in the interaction problem between landslides and rivers for the following reasons (Liao et al 2019;Jiang et al 2017). First, there are no field investigation data regarding river blocking under the critical condition, since field investigations can easily be carried out for a large landslide dam that exists for a long time but cannot be conducted for the formation process of river blocking or even for a small landslide dam existing for a short time (Wu et al 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the fact that previous laboratory experiments were commonly used to investigate the mechanism of landslide dam breaks with manually prebuilt earth-rock dams (Chen et al 2015;Davies et al 2007;Gregoretti et al 2010;Niu et al 2012), very few studies have modeled the evolution process of river blocking. Although a few experimental studies on the formation conditions of landslide dams triggered by mud or debris flow have been reported (Dang et al 2009, Guo et al 2004), the applicability of those studies for non-cohesive landslide masses might need to be further examined because the evolution process of river blocking is entirely different among various landslide materials (Liao et al 2019), such as rock, gravel, and clay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation on the formation process of landslide dams and a criterion of river blockage

Nian

et al. 2020

Landslides

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River blocking caused by landslide dams is a common geological disaster in mountainous regions worldwide, threatening the safety of human lives and infrastructure. However, studies on the formation process of landslide dams and the criteria of river blockage are still at an early stage. This paper built a laboratoryscale experimental apparatus for simulating the formation and evolution process of landslide dams, and then carried out a total of 29 experiments. It analyzed the common evolution stages of river blocking, including landslides, dam formation, and dam breaching in detail. Then, we investigated the influences of the landslide volume, the landslide discharge, and the water flow rate on a criterion and the time length of river blockage. The experimental results suggest that the formation condition of a landslide dam is related to the ratio of the landslide discharge to the water flow rate. Based on this understanding, we proposed a dimensionless River Blockage Criterion (RBC) to judge the formation of landslide dams. The criterion indicates that when RBC > 1.5, a landslide dam may form; otherwise, a landslide dam may not form. Additionally, the time length of river blockage was found to be related to the landslide volume and the water flow rate. Subsequently, we proposed a model for predicting the time length of river blockage and verified it by the 29 experimental results. The Baige River-blocking event, which occurred on the Jinsha River, China, in 2018, was used as a case study to further verify the RBC and the proposed model. The results show that the proposed RBC agreed well with reality, and the percentage difference between the calculated and the actual time length of river blockage was 11%. The findings of this study could contribute to the early warning and emergency response of river-blocking disasters.

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“…Landslide dam is formed by mass movements of rock and debris blocking the river channel due to earthquakes and intense rainfall (Costa and Schuster, 1988); Figure 1 presents the Hongshiyan landslide dam that occurred on August 3rd, 2014 in China. The landslide dam stability is usually related to grainsize distribution of landslide debris, landslide volume, and hydrodynamic conditions (Liao et al, 2019;Shan et al, 2020;Peng et al, 2021). Dissimilar to artificial dams, landslide dams do not have a structure that enables flood discharge (Zhong et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of Spillway Section Morphologies on Landslide Dam Breaching

et al. 2021

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Spillway excavation is often adopted as a precautionary engineering measure for disaster mitigation before landslide dam breaching. Based on the landslide dam breach mechanisms, this paper focuses on developing a numerical model to comprehensively discuss the issue based on three documented landslide dam failures, such as Tangjiashan, Xiaogangjian, and Baige landslide dams. The spillway cross section morphologies were modeled with different sizes under common shape (i.e., an inverted trapezoid) and slope conditions. The influence of cross section on dam breach processes was analyzed under conditions of different depth, bottom width, slope ratio in the cross and longitudinal sections, with/without spillway. The following conclusions can be drawn: 1) excavation of a spillway can effectively reduce the peak breach flow, therefore delay the time to peak; 2) the peak breach flow dramatically decreases and the time to peak delays as the spillway depth increases; 3) the peak breach flow changes little and the time to peak occurs earlier with the increment in spillway bottom width; 4) the peak breach flow decreases and the time to peak delays with the decrease of slope ratio in cross section in the spillway; 5) the slope ratio in the longitudinal section has little influence on the breach process. Hence, if conditions permit, the spillway with large spillway depth, small bottom width, and gentle slope ratio in the cross section is the preferable section morphology for the emergency disposal of the landslide dam.

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Experimental study on the river blockage and landslide dam formation induced by rock slides

Cited by 31 publications

References 42 publications

Worldwide Research Trends in Landslide Science

Worldwide Research Trends in Landslide Science

Experimental investigation on the formation process of landslide dams and a criterion of river blockage

Influences of Spillway Section Morphologies on Landslide Dam Breaching

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