Experimental study on the thermal volatilization and condensation of zinc at 10 Pa and 200 Pa

Zhang, Wei; Tian, Yang; Liu, Dachun; Wang, Fei; Yang, Bin; Xu, Baoqiang

doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.01.097

Cited by 24 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The authors assumed that reduction of Zn(II) to metallic Zn occurred in the temperature range 400-800 • C that easily evaporates due to the high volatility. The evaporation of metallic zinc at T > 800 • C, also if starting from its oxide, was also found by other authors [27,28]. Nevertheless, the very low Zn concentration, also for the sample treated at 600 • C, can probably be explained with some confinement on the outer surface of the metal during the fast PFA foam formation.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Synthesis and Characterization of Activated Carbon Foam from Polymerization of Furfuryl Alcohol Activated by Zinc and Copper Chlorides

Cepollaro

Caputo

Cimino

et al. 2020

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Polymerization of furfuryl alcohol carried out using ZnCl2 or CuCl2 as Lewis acid activators was investigated by exploring various synthesis parameters in order to produce activated carbons with different porosity and metal load. The temperature of polymerization was changed according to Lewis acidity strength of the two metal chlorides: 0 °C for CuCl2 and 80 °C for ZnCl2. The polymer obtained was pyrolyzed under pure He flow or under 1000 ppm O2/He flow at 600 or 850 °C in order to produce activated carbons with specific textural features. The load and nature of the residual metal after pyrolysis were determined by ICP and XRD analyses, respectively. Copper was mostly preserved even at high pyrolysis temperature in contrast to zinc, which was almost totally lost at 850 °C. A foamy structure was detected by SEM analysis for all samples. Textural properties were determined by both N2 and CO2 physisorption; surface areas and pore size distributions were evaluated according to BET, DFT and DR models. The polymerization activated by ZnCl2 produced carbons with larger surface areas were also related to the presence of some mesopores, whereas CuCl2 promoted the prevailing formation of narrow micropores, making these materials particularly suited to H2 storage applications.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Synthesis and Characterization of Activated Carbon Foam from Polymerization of Furfuryl Alcohol Activated by Zinc and Copper Chlorides

Cepollaro

Caputo

Cimino

et al. 2020

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“…When cable insulation is burnt, their heavy metal components are released into the atmosphere. However, only small amounts of Zn were detected because it could be vaporized in flame due to its high vapor pressure [44].…”

Section: Concentrations and Size Distributions Of Particle-bound Heav...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Size Distributions of Inhalable Particulate Matter and Particle-bound Heavy Metals and Their Potential Occupational Health Risk Related to Informal E-waste Recycling in Thailand

Keawhanu

Sukonthamut

Suriyawong

et al. 2022

Curr. Appl. Sci. Technol.

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Concentrations and size distributions of atmospheric particulates and particulate-bound heavy metals in different inhalable fractions were studied in working areas during manual dismantling, thermal cutting and cable sheath burning activities. The particulate samples were collected on quartz fiber filters using an eight-stage cascade impactor with flow rate of 28.3 l min-1. Mass concentrations of the particles were measured in each size fraction. Heavy metals bound on the particles were extracted with acid digestion and then analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Risk assessment of worker exposure to the particles was determined. The results indicated that the concentrations of ultrafine (dae < 0.43 μm), fine (0.43 < dae < 2.1 μm) and coarse (2.1 < dae < 10 μm) particles were in the ranges of 14.49-62.04, 57.51-120.26 and 153.26–646.99 μg m−3 during manual dismantling, 363.41-1,011.95, 2,105.40-4,899.11 and 1,698.54-7,075.61 μg m−3 during thermal cutting and 364.73-1,694.72, 1,953.33-4,431.41 and 1,385.97-6,126.13 μg m−3 during cable sheath burning, respectively. The concentrations of PM2.1 and PM10 released from these activities did not exceed the OSHA PEL threshold limits. Heavy metals adsorbed on the particles (Fe, Cr, Zn, Cu, Pb, Mn) detected during manual dismantling did not exceed the TWA standard. Concentrations of Cr and Pb during cable sheath burning highly exceeded the standards whereas Pb concentrations during thermal cutting slightly exceeded the standard. The heavy metals released from these recycling activities were more enriched on coarse mode than fine mode. Inhalation exposure to Cr, Pb and Mn posed a potential health risk to the workers.

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“…Nanofibers with small pore size, high throughput, and high filtration accuracy are regarded as candidate filtration materials in the field of nuclear waste treatment [26][27][28]. According to the literature, the whole process of evaporating and capturing volatile materials involves sub-processes of volatilization, condensation, and solidification [29][30][31], which are also applicable for the current study. Polonium-containing vapors migrate from liquid leadbismuth pools to the cover gas at high temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of the Homolog Tellurium of Polonium by SiO2 Nanofiber Filter for Lead Alloy-Cooled Reactors

Chen

Zeng

et al. 2022

Toxics

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The lead–bismuth eutectic (LBE) can be easily activated by neutron radiation to produce the radionuclide 210Po. It is therefore necessary to establish an effective method to remove vaporized polonium in the cover gas to prevent its release into the air in scenarios of reactor maintenance and coolant leakage accidents. This paper presents a SiO2 nanofiber membrane prepared based on the electrostatic spinning and calcination process. The SiO2 nanofiber membrane had the advantages of good flexibility, high-temperature resistance, and corrosion resistance. In the trapping experiments, the SiO2 nanofiber membrane filters showed excellent filtration performance at 300~400 °C, and the filtration efficiencies for Te, Pb, and Bi could reach 99%, 99%, and 98%, respectively. Proper filtration temperature and gas flow rate are important to maintain high filtration efficiency. After five cycles, the SiO2 nanofiber membrane filter still exhibited excellent cycle-use performance. In the density functional theory (DFT) calculations, PbPo and PbTe had strong interactions with amorphous SiO2, having adhesion energies of −2.96 to −2.83 eV/molecule.

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Experimental study on the thermal volatilization and condensation of zinc at 10 Pa and 200 Pa

Cited by 24 publications

References 25 publications

Synthesis and Characterization of Activated Carbon Foam from Polymerization of Furfuryl Alcohol Activated by Zinc and Copper Chlorides

Synthesis and Characterization of Activated Carbon Foam from Polymerization of Furfuryl Alcohol Activated by Zinc and Copper Chlorides

Size Distributions of Inhalable Particulate Matter and Particle-bound Heavy Metals and Their Potential Occupational Health Risk Related to Informal E-waste Recycling in Thailand

Removal of the Homolog Tellurium of Polonium by SiO2 Nanofiber Filter for Lead Alloy-Cooled Reactors

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