Experimental tests on cross-laminated timber joints and walls

Abstract

As a product, cross-laminated timber exhibits widely linear-elastic behaviour (except for compressive stress) and a tendency to have brittle failure mechanisms. Therefore, especially at dynamic loadings (e.g. earthquakes), the behaviour of cross-laminated timber structures is highly dependent on the connections used. Based on several single-joint and wall tests performed monotonically as well as cyclically, this paper provides improved insight into the behaviour of different joints that make up cross-laminated timber structures. In addition to information on the failure modes that occurred and specific values determined by way of experimental tests, interpretations of different contributions towards the overall deflection of the tested wall systems are presented. The influence of different connection types and their combinations within one wall system is another topic discussed. Finally, the sensitivity of resulting test properties concerning the post-processing models used is singled out as a central theme.

Lateral-Load Resistance of Cross-Laminated Timber Shear Walls

“…In seismic applications, taller hold-down brackets are provided at either end of the panel to resist uplift, while the shorter angle brackets are assumed purely to resist shear. This configuration of connectors is the subject of much experimental investigation into the lateral load resistance of single-storey CLT shear wall systems (Ceccotti et al 2010;Pei et al 2012;Schneider et al 2012;Pei et al 2013;Shen et al 2013;Flatscher et al 2015;Gavric et al 2015;Li and Lam 2015;Popovski and Gavric 2016;Tomasi and Smith 2015;Casagrande et al 2016). Numerical models are proposed which replicate the hysteretic response of timber shear wall systems (Shen et al 2013;Li and Lam 2015;Pozza et al 2014).…”

Editorial

“…/jstbu.2015 ICE Publishing: All rights reserved performance and effects of cross-laminated timber (CLT) shear walls is presented. Flatscher et al (2015a) first show, from tests, that commonly used fasteners exhibit good ductility, which is useful during cyclic loading of the walls, but also that vertical joint systems do not necessarily influence the load responses of the wall systems. The last paper (Flatscher et al, 2015b) looks at LNEC shaking table testing of a three-storey CLT building that uses fully threaded screws to achieve continuity of the CLT wall.…”

“…This special issue of Structures and Buildings serves as a repository for the some of the state-of-the-art concepts to emerge from Series testing focused on timber structures.The opening paper by Fardis and Biskinis (2015) gives a bird's eye perspective on the Series project. After introducing the underpinning ideas and the European-wide consortium that defined this project, the paper describes the broad spectrum of testing foci -including the reinforced concrete, masonry and timber strands of activity, spanning from the historic to the modern, and encompassing building superstructures, foundations, silos, retaining walls, engineered soils and viaducts -successfully completed over the 4·5 year duration of this transnational collaborative scheme.…”

Experimental tests on a hybrid timber-frame wall system

“…walls with connections) and full-scale buildings, demonstrating satisfactory performances under seismic conditions (see, for example, Refs. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]). Based on the experimental data acquired from previous test programmes, the following conclusions can be withdrawn: traditional LTF walls, the novelty aspect is the use of CLT beams and studs instead of solid timber elements.…”