Experimental Thoracoabdominal Airgun Wounds in a Porcine Model

McKenzie, H. J.; Coil, James A.; Ankney, Raymond N.

doi:10.1097/00005373-199512000-00027

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Adult pig (Sus scrofa domestica) ribs were utilized in this study; although similar in many ways to human anatomy, porcine anatomy differs in the thickness of the overlying soft tissue (36). Jakiae-Razumoviae et al (37) reported a "full-thickness [of] ventral thoracic skin section" of c. 1.5 cm in humans, while Janda (38) reported a 2.5 cm tissue thickness in the thoracic region; therefore, the average thickness of 2 cm was used as a guideline for this study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Maceration Techniques Used to Remove Soft Tissue from Bone in Cut Mark Analysis

King

Birch

2015

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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Maceration techniques employed in forensics must be effective without compromising the bone's integrity and morphology, and prevent destruction of evidence. Techniques must also be fast, safe, easily obtainable and inexpensive; not all techniques currently employed are appropriate for forensic use. To evaluate the most suitable approach, seven techniques including current and new methodologies were applied to fresh, fleshed porcine ribs exhibiting cut marks. A sample size of 30 specimens per technique was examined under scanning electron microscopy at the cut mark and the surrounding uncompromised regions; a scoring system of effectiveness was applied. The previously unpublished microwave method fared best for bone and cut mark preservation. Sodium hypochlorite destroyed cut marks, and was deemed unsuitable for forensic analysis. No single technique fulfilled all criteria; however, this study provides a benchmark for forensic anthropologists to select the most appropriate method for their situation, while maintaining the high standards required by forensic science.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Maceration Techniques Used to Remove Soft Tissue from Bone in Cut Mark Analysis

King

Birch

2015

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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“…Along with mass and caliber, the shape of the bullet affects wounding potential as well. Pointed pellets, as used by the victim, perforate skin with smaller velocities and penetrate more deeply than rounded pellets . Apart from metallic pellets and metallic BBs, spherical plastic BBs (6 or 8 mm caliber, weighting between 0.12 and 0.43 g) are used in soft air guns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shot Through the Heart—Firepower and Potential Lethality of Air Weapons

Baković

Petrovečki

Strinović

et al. 2014

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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Although certain air weapons attain muzzle velocities comparable to some firearms, their successful use for committing suicide is rarely seen. Herein, we report a case of a young female died shortly after urgent admission to the hospital with penetrating gunshot wound to the chest. The autopsy revealed perforation of the pericardium and two perforative defects to the right heart ventricle. Injury was inflicted by a 0.177 caliber pellet, fired from an air rifle found near her body. Investigation ruled the death as suicide. The used air rifle fired the pellet with the energy density of 1.9 J/mm(2) , substantially above the threshold for inflicting injury. The pellet penetrated through two layers of cotton fabric and several layers of tissue to inflict fatal injury to the heart. In addition, we provide an insight into the wounding potential of air weapons, which illustrates the need for greater caution in handling those devices.

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“…The Canadian Medical Association (CMA) and the Canadian Paediatric Society (CPS) have published statements on firearms safety (CMA 2021; CPS 2018) that support classifying non-powdered firearms capable of causing injury as firearms under Canada's Firearms Act (1995). This would involve redefining firearms to include all barrelled weapons with a discharge force and/or velocity capable of causing significant injury, instituting new thresholds for speed and energy that are based on physical science and medical evidence (Kennedy et al 2006;McKenzie et al 1995).…”

Section: Legislation and Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because most fire at less than 152.4 metres/second -and with muzzle energy less than 5.7 joules -they are not considered "firearms" under Canada's Firearms Act (1995) and as defined by the Criminal Code (1985). While slower and less forceful than traditional firearms, many of these devices do discharge with speed and force great enough to penetrate skin or a human eye (Kennedy et al 2006;McKenzie et al 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dangerous “Toys”: The Burden of Non-Powdered Firearm Injuries in Canadian Children and Youth

Saunders¹,

Pratt²,

Hepburn³

2022

hcq

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Injuries in children and youth from non-powdered firearms are a significant public health concern in Canada and other high-income countries. Injury burden, healthcare utilization and costs related to non-powdered firearm use in Ontarians under 25 years of age were analyzed using ICES data. They demonstrate the need for effective policy interventions and awareness campaigns to improve the safety of these popular "toys."

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Experimental Thoracoabdominal Airgun Wounds in a Porcine Model

Abstract: Airguns create serious intracavitary organ injuries in a porcine model. Moreover, ballistic research is possible in unusual surroundings, such as a packing plant.

Cited by 6 publications

References 18 publications

Assessment of Maceration Techniques Used to Remove Soft Tissue from Bone in Cut Mark Analysis

Assessment of Maceration Techniques Used to Remove Soft Tissue from Bone in Cut Mark Analysis

Shot Through the Heart—Firepower and Potential Lethality of Air Weapons

Dangerous “Toys”: The Burden of Non-Powdered Firearm Injuries in Canadian Children and Youth

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