Experimental transient bacteraemias in human subjects with varying degrees of plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation

Silver, John G.; Martin, Alexis W.; McBride, B C

doi:10.1111/j.1600-051x.1977.tb01888.x

Cited by 175 publications

(156 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In fact, we previously reported a case of infective endocarditis caused by Granulicatella elegans derived from supragingival plaque in a patient with poor oral hygiene who suffered from severe periodontitis (45). Furthermore, the incidence of bacteremia in adults has been reported to increase up to 75% with elevated periodontitis severity, while P. gingivalis and P. intermedia have been reported to be isolated from the blood of more than one-third of periodontitis patients after toothbrushing (46,47). Therefore, it is likely that dietary bacteremia caused by periodontopathic bacteria with DPP4 increases the long-term risk of glucose tolerance and aggravates diabetes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of Incretins and Modulation of Blood Glucose Levels by Periodontopathic Bacterial Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4

et al. 2017

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Severe periodontitis is known to aggravate diabetes mellitus, though molecular events related to that link have not been fully elucidated. Porphyromonas gingivalis, a major pathogen of periodontitis, expresses dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4), which is involved in regulation of blood glucose levels by cleaving incretins in humans. We examined the enzymatic characteristics of DPP4 from P. gingivalis as well as two other periodontopathic bacteria, Tannerella forsythia and Prevotella intermedia, and determined whether it is capable of regulating blood glucose levels. Cellassociated DPP4 activity was found in those microorganisms, which was effectively suppressed by inhibitors of human DPP4, and molecules sized 73 kDa in P. gingivalis, and 71 kDa in T. forsythia and P. intermedia were immunologically detected. The k cat /K m values of recombinant DPP4s ranged from 721 Ϯ 55 to 1,283 Ϯ 23 M Ϫ1 s Ϫ1 toward Gly-Pro-4-methylcoumaryl-7-amide (MCA), while those were much lower for His-Ala-MCA. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) analysis showed His/Tyr-Ala dipeptide release from the N termini of incretins, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, respectively, with the action of microbial DPP4. Moreover, intravenous injection of DPP4 into mice decreased plasma active GLP-1 and insulin levels, accompanied by a substantial elevation in blood glucose over the control after oral glucose administration. These results are the first to show that periodontopathic bacterial DPP4 is capable of modulating blood glucose levels the same as mammalian DPP4; thus, the incidence of periodontopathic bacteremia may exacerbate diabetes mellitus via molecular events of bacterial DPP4 activities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of Incretins and Modulation of Blood Glucose Levels by Periodontopathic Bacterial Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4

et al. 2017

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“…There are several reports which have shown that the viridans streptococci are the most common cause of infective endocarditis (5,6) and the viridans group streptococcal bacteremia is more frequently inducible in patients with severe periodontal disease (7,8). However, there are no reports on the collective analysis of the oral VGS and its relation with infective endocarditis in cases of periodontitis.…”

Section: Contextmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Periodontal infections affect the oral tissues, in addition bacteria may get entry into the bloodstream via ulcerated inflamed crevice and pocket epithelium, and the adjacent gingival microcirculation. Invasive dental procedures and normal daily activities, such as chewing and tooth brushing are the important predisposing factors for entry of microbes into bloodstream (7,(18)(19)(20)(21)(22). Bacteremia and low-grade inflammation because of periodontal infections may carry a risk for systemic conditions.…”

Section: Periodontitis and Bacteremiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodontitis, Bacteremia and Infective Endocarditis: A Review Study

Dhotre

Davane

Nagoba

2017

Arch Pediatr Infect Dis

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Context: Earlier evidences show that periodontitis with inflamed and ulcerated crevicular or pocket epithelium surrounding the teeth may be a portal of entry for bacteria into the bloodstream. A newly proposed causal model predicts that an early bacteremia may affect the endothelial surface of the heart over many years and promote valve thickening rendering the heart valve susceptible to vegetation by a later bacteremia that would culminate over a few weeks into fulminant infection. Evidence Acquisition: In this review, various published sources of information pertaining to periodontitis, bacteremia and infective endocarditis were reviewed. This review is focused on the role of the viridans group streptococci (VGS) in periodontitis, bacteremia and infective endocarditis. Results: The viridans group streptococci present in the oral cavity were the most important causes of bacteremia following dental procedures and infective endocarditis. In most of the studies, significantly higher rates of bacteremia occurring in patients with periodontitis than patients without periodontitis indicated that periodontitis opens up the route for oral streptococci to gain entry into the bloodstream. In addition, the significantly higher rates of isolation of the VGS from the patients of infective endocarditis with periodontitis showed that there was a positive association between periodontitis, infective endocarditis and the VGS. Conclusions:The literature survey presented in this review suggests that there is a definite relation between periodontitis, bacteremia and infective endocarditis and would provide valuable data for the future dentists as well as the physicians, because a large proportion of the world's population lives a lifetime with periodontitis. Moreover, infective endocarditis still remains a cause of concern as this disease is a cause of considerable morbidity and mortality regardless of modern antimicrobial and surgical treatment.

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“…A partir disso, ocorre uma pequena faixa de encontro entre a circulação sanguínea e o biofilme bacteriano devido ao comprometimento do epitélio da bolsa periodontal, causando também úl-ceras em seu interior 35 . Estudos indicam a relação de que quanto maior a severidade da doença periodontal no paciente, mais periodontopatógenos serão encontrados na corrente sanguínea 36 . Notou-se uma íntima relação entre um acúmulo local de bactérias e a escovação dental diária por meio de uma revisão sistemática, não considerando o uso de fio dental independente das condições em que se encontrava a gengiva 37 .…”

Section: Obesidade E Doenças Periodontaisunclassified

Obesidade e saúde bucal: impacto da obesidade sobre condições bucais

Saporiti

Vera

Arruda

et al. 2015

Rev. da Fac. de Odontologia, UPF

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IntroduçãoA obesidade caracteriza-se por danos à condição de saúde causados pelo acúmulo excessivo ou anormal de gordura corpórea 1 . Essa doença não pode ser considerada como uma simples desordem, mas sim, um grupo heterogêneo de condições com múltiplas e complexas causas. O peso corporal é, então, determinado pela interação entre fatores biológicos, ambientais, sociais e comportamentais, agindo na regulação entre o armazenamento e o gasto energético. Diversas são as causas atribuídas à etiologia da obesidade, destacando fatores psicossociais, comportamentais e biológicos. Embora o componente genético tenha um papel inquestionável na etiologia da obesidade, o notável aumento na prevalên-cia dessa condição pode ser mais bem explicado por mudanças sociais e comportamentais, resultados da transição sociodemográfica.A epidemia da obesidade era uma realidade predominante dos países ricos e desenvolvidos 2 . Ao passo que países de baixa e de média renda começam a se tornar mais globalizados, há uma mudança considerável no padrão nutricional, e nos hábi-tos de vida, acarretando, consequentemente, uma significante elevação da prevalência dessa doença. Assim, após a década de 1990, a obesidade assume

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Experimental transient bacteraemias in human subjects with varying degrees of plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation

Cited by 175 publications

References 27 publications

Degradation of Incretins and Modulation of Blood Glucose Levels by Periodontopathic Bacterial Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4

Degradation of Incretins and Modulation of Blood Glucose Levels by Periodontopathic Bacterial Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4

Periodontitis, Bacteremia and Infective Endocarditis: A Review Study

Obesidade e saúde bucal: impacto da obesidade sobre condições bucais

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