Experimental Transmission of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2) in Weaned Pigs:a Sequential Study

Magar, Ronald; Larochelle, Renée; Thibault, Sandra; Lamontagne, Lucie

doi:10.1053/jcpa.2000.0413

Cited by 104 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The serological profile observed in both PCV2 inoculated groups was similar, and was in agreement with those from other experimental trials, with an increase of antibody titres occurring after 2 weeks PI, shortly after viremia detection [7,17,19]. Viremia coexisted with high antibody titres until the end of the experiment, which suggests that PCV2 can evade a specific immune response, or alternatively, an effective immune response was of slow development, as suggested by other authors [22].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Lack of an effect of a commercial vaccine adjuvant on the development of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) in porcine circovirus type�2 (PCV2) experimentally infected conventional pigs

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Balasch³

et al. 2004

Vet. Res.

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-The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a commercial vaccine adjuvant on the clinical and pathological outcome of PCV2 experimentally infected 8 to 9-week-old conventional pigs. Forty-four pigs were divided into four groups: non-infected control pigs, pigs that received a vaccine adjuvant, pigs inoculated with PCV2, and pigs inoculated with PCV2 together with the vaccine adjuvant. Infection was monitored until 69 days post-inoculation (PI). Some PCV2 inoculated pigs had hyperthermia, but no other clinical signs were recorded. No characteristic PMWS gross or microscopic lesions were observed in any of the pigs. PCV2 DNA was detected in lymphoid tissues by in situ hybridisation in 6 PCV2 inoculated pigs on day 69 PI. All PCV2 inoculated pigs seroconverted between days 21 and 49 PI, shortly after viremia detection. Moreover, viremia was detected between days 7 and 69 PI using PCR. A peak of the virus load was detected by real-time quantitative PCR between days 14 and 21 PI. There were no significant differences in the proportion of PCV2 positive serum and in the viral load between PCV2 and PCV2 + adjuvant inoculated pigs. Although PMWS was not reproduced in neither PCV2 nor PCV2 + adjuvant inoculated pigs, viremia detection and seroconversion indicated that all PCV2 inoculated pigs developed a chronic long-term asymptomatic infection. An increase of PCV2 replication was not observed in pigs inoculated with the adjuvant. These results indicate that the principle of immunostimulation may not be applicable under the experimental conditions used, suggesting that not all adjuvants used in commercial vaccines are capable of triggering mechanisms for PMWS development.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Lack of an effect of a commercial vaccine adjuvant on the development of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) in porcine circovirus type�2 (PCV2) experimentally infected conventional pigs

Resendes

Segalés

Balasch³

et al. 2004

Vet. Res.

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“…The PCR and IFA tests demonstrate that no PCV2 DNA or specific antibodies, respectively, existed prior to viral exposure. TCID 50 of PCV2 in 4-to 5-week-old farm-raised pigs [13,25]. Both of these two experimental groups and those in this study demonstrated successful PCV2 inoculation without clinical signs of the PMWS.…”

supporting

confidence: 54%

“…The authors would like to thank the Bureau of Animal and Plant Health Inspection and Quarantine, Council of Agriculture of the Republic of China, Taiwan, for financially supporting this research under contract numbers 95AS-13.2.1-BQ-B1(10) and 96AS-14.2.1-BQ-B2 (13).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Shedding Pattern and Serological Profile of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Infection in Cesarean-Derived, Colostrum-Deprived and Farm-Raised Pigs

Chiou

Yang

Chang

et al. 2011

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Six 5-week-old porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2)-free, cesarean-derived, colostrums-deprived (CDCD) pigs were inoculated intranasally with 10 6 TCID 50 of PCV2. Four CDCD pigs were untreated cohabitants. Forty farm-raised pigs from two PCV2-contaminated herds were randomly selected for PCV2 trace investigations. Blood, nasal, oropharyngeal and fecal samples were collected from all tested pigs weekly. The PCV2 DNA shed at 6-11 and 7-12 weeks of age for PCV2-inoculated pigs and cohabitants, respectively. All the CDCD pigs exhibited seroconversion after PCV2 exposure. In the farm-raised animals, PCV2 shed at 9-15 weeks of age and seroconversion started at 11 weeks of age. Collectively, the pigs had a prolonged PCV2 shedding period following viral exposure, and growing pigs were the source of horizontal PCV2 transmission in PCV2-infected herds.KEY WORDS: CDCD pigs, experimental infection, mingling pigs, porcine circovirus type 2, viral shedding.

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“…However, these clinical signs and histopathological lesions must be associated with the presence of type-2 porcine circovirus (PCV2) in affected tissues for the diagnosis of PMWS [38]. Indeed, PCV2 was rapidly associated with PMWS [2,12,28] even though initial experimental infections failed to reproduce the full spectrum of clinical signs irrespective of the type of PCV2 suspension inoculated (homogenates of PCV2 infected tissues [5] or virus propagated in cell cultures [13,27]). These studies demonstrated that unidentified co-factors were necessary to trigger the syndrome in PCV2-infected piglets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproduction of PMWS in immunostimulated SPF piglets transfected with infectious cloned genomic DNA of type 2 porcine circovirus

et al. 2005

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-Postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) is a recently emerged disease affecting pigs. Type 2 porcine circovirus (PCV2) has been associated with this syndrome although other factors are required in association with this virus for PMWS expression. The aim of this study was to investigate whether general immunostimulation (injections of keyhole limpet hemocyanin emulsified in incomplete Freund adjuvant and of thioglycollate medium) could strengthen the severity of PMWS in six-week-old specific-pathogen-free (SPF) piglets transfected with pure tandem-cloned PCV2 DNA by the intramuscular route. Non-immunostimulated piglets transfected with the viral clone did not present clinical signs but only mild pathological microlesions characteristic of PMWS. These piglets seroconverted and high viral genome loads and infectious titers were detected in the lymphoid organs at the end of the trial. Mild-to-moderate forms of PMWS were generally observed in the immunostimulated transfected piglets, as well as one severe form for a piglet (8003) which died. These piglets with mild-to-moderate forms had higher DNA loads than the transfected-only animals. Thus, viral replication was enhanced by immunostimulation. This is the first time that clinical PMWS has been reported in an SPF immunostimulated piglet infected with a pure inoculum consisting of tandem-cloned PCV2 DNA. This result confirms that PCV2 is the agent of PMWS and that immunostimulation could enhance PMWS in SPF piglets transfected with a PCV2 DNA clone. porcine circovirus type 2 / immunostimulation / tandem-cloned DNA / PMWS

show abstract

Experimental Transmission of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2) in Weaned Pigs:a Sequential Study

Cited by 104 publications

References 23 publications

Lack of an effect of a commercial vaccine adjuvant on the development of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) in porcine circovirus type�2 (PCV2) experimentally infected conventional pigs

Lack of an effect of a commercial vaccine adjuvant on the development of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) in porcine circovirus type�2 (PCV2) experimentally infected conventional pigs

Shedding Pattern and Serological Profile of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Infection in Cesarean-Derived, Colostrum-Deprived and Farm-Raised Pigs

Reproduction of PMWS in immunostimulated SPF piglets transfected with infectious cloned genomic DNA of type 2 porcine circovirus

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