Experimental vaccination of sheep and cattle against tick infestation using recombinant 5′-nucleotidase

Hope, Michelle; Jiang, Xiaolan; Gough, J.; Cadogan, L. C.; Josh, Peter; Jonsson, N.N.; Willadsen, Peter

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3024.2009.01168.x

Cited by 28 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…To date, numerous cocktail vaccines against Ixodid ticks and a few against Argasid ticks have been investigated ( Table 1 ) with the hypothesis that combining at least two antigens could increase the protective antibody response. However, often no enhanced protection is observed coupled with reduction of antibodies against each of the cocktail antigens [ 72 , 73 , 74 ]. In 1902, a German immunologist, Michaelis, made a similar observation [ 75 ].…”

Section: Potential Constraints Toward Cocktail Vaccine Efficacymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For these reasons, alternatives to Freunds’ adjuvants, the Montanide (‘oil-in-water’) adjuvants have been used in several cocktail studies summarized in Table 1 [ 38 , 45 , 74 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 ]. Until now, however, few studies have examined the effect of different adjuvants on cocktail vaccine efficacies [ 73 , 92 , 95 , 99 ]. Nonetheless, it is impossible to rule out the possibility that adjuvants impact the efficacy of cocktail tick vaccine antigens.…”

Section: Potential Constraints Toward Cocktail Vaccine Efficacymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cocktail Anti-Tick Vaccines: The Unforeseen Constraints and Approaches toward Enhanced Efficacies

Ndawula

Lew-Tabor

2020

Vaccines

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Ticks are second to mosquitoes as vectors of disease. Ticks affect livestock industries in Asia, Africa and Australia at ~$1.13 billion USD per annum. For instance, 80% of the global cattle population is at risk of infestation by the Rhipicephalus microplus species-complex, which in 2016 was estimated to cause $22–30 billion USD annual losses. Although the management of tick populations mainly relies on the application of acaricides, this raises concerns due to tick resistance and accumulation of chemical residues in milk, meat, and the environment. To counteract acaricide-resistant tick populations, immunological tick control is regarded among the most promising sustainable strategies. Indeed, immense efforts have been devoted toward identifying tick vaccine antigens. Until now, Bm86-based vaccines have been the most effective under field conditions, but they have shown mixed success worldwide. Currently, of the two Bm86 vaccines commercialized in the 1990s (GavacTM in Cuba and TickGARDPLUSTM in Australia), only GavacTM is available. There is thus growing consensus that combining antigens could broaden the protection range and enhance the efficacies of tick vaccines. Yet, the anticipated outcomes have not been achieved under field conditions. Therefore, this review demystifies the potential limitations and proposes ways of sustaining enhanced cocktail tick vaccine efficacy.

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Section: Potential Constraints Toward Cocktail Vaccine Efficacymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Potential Constraints Toward Cocktail Vaccine Efficacymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cocktail Anti-Tick Vaccines: The Unforeseen Constraints and Approaches toward Enhanced Efficacies

Ndawula

Lew-Tabor

2020

Vaccines

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“…Vaccination and tick infestation were performed at the Infectiology Facility Val de Loire, INRAE Nouzilly, France. Four groups of six 7-month-old male sheep (PreAlps breed) were immunized intramuscularly, as previously reported by Hope et al [ 41 ], with three doses of IrSPI (group 1), IrLip1 (group 2), a combination of IrSPI and IrLip1 (group 3), or with adjuvant emulsified with PBS (control group). Each animal was vaccinated using 5 mL syringes with 16-gauge needles at days 0, 15, and 30.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Failed Disruption of Tick Feeding, Viability, and Molting after Immunization of Mice and Sheep with Recombinant Ixodes ricinus Salivary Proteins IrSPI and IrLip1

et al. 2020

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To identify potential vaccine candidates against Ixodes ricinus and tick-borne pathogen transmission, we have previously sequenced the salivary gland transcriptomes of female ticks infected or not with Bartonella henselae. The hypothesized potential of both IrSPI (I. ricinus serine protease inhibitor) and IrLip1 (I. ricinus lipocalin 1) as protective antigens decreasing tick feeding and/or the transmission of tick-borne pathogens was based on their presumed involvement in dampening the host immune response to tick feeding. Vaccine endpoints included tick larval and nymphal mortality, feeding, and molting in mice and sheep. Whether the antigens were administered individually or in combination, the vaccination of mice or sheep elicited a potent antigen-specific antibody response. However, and contrary to our expectations, vaccination failed to afford protection against the infestation of mice and sheep by I. ricinus nymphs and larvae, respectively. Rather, vaccination with IrSPI and IrLip1 appeared to enhance tick engorgement and molting and decrease tick mortality. To the best of our knowledge, these observations represent the first report of induction of vaccine-mediated enhancement in relation to anti-tick vaccination.

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“…Two secreted proteins were also isolated from salivary gland and gut fractions similarly to how Bm86 was originally derived: 5′ nucleotidase [19] and Bm91 angiotensin converting enzyme-like protein [20,21]. However, neither demonstrated notable vaccine efficacies to warrant further development ( Table 2).…”

Section: Secreted Antigensmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Enigma of Identifying New Cattle Tick Vaccine Antigens

Lew-Tabor¹

2019

Ticks and Tick-Borne Pathogens

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Several reviews have summarised cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus vaccine candidate discoveries by comparing efficacies and localisation characteristics. However, few have re-analysed all the reported proteins using modern bioinformatics tools. Bm86 was developed as a successful vaccine in the 1980s; however, global efficacies vary from 45 to 100%. Subsequent vaccines, including four published patents, were discovered by targeting enzymes important for blood digestion and/or metabolism or by targeting genes shown to disrupt tick survival following RNA interference experiments. This chapter analyses published vaccine candidates using InterPro, BLASTP, SignalP, TMHMM and PredGPI tools to confirm whether each reported protein is likely to be secreted, membrane associated or intracellular. Conversely, these proteins are considered as 'exposed' , 'exposed' and 'concealed' or 'concealed' , respectively. Bm86 was always described as a 'concealed' antigen; however, the protein has a confirmed signal peptide and GPI anchor which suggests it is anchored to the cell membrane and exposed on the surface of gut cells. It is the only tick vaccine with a GPI anchor. Secreted vaccine candidates appear to have promise and exhibit higher efficacies if delivered with an 'intracellular'/'concealed' antigen. Improvements in tick genomics and bovine immunomic resources will assist to identify robust new cattle tick vaccines.

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Experimental vaccination of sheep and cattle against tick infestation using recombinant 5′-nucleotidase

Cited by 28 publications

References 19 publications

Cocktail Anti-Tick Vaccines: The Unforeseen Constraints and Approaches toward Enhanced Efficacies

Cocktail Anti-Tick Vaccines: The Unforeseen Constraints and Approaches toward Enhanced Efficacies

Failed Disruption of Tick Feeding, Viability, and Molting after Immunization of Mice and Sheep with Recombinant Ixodes ricinus Salivary Proteins IrSPI and IrLip1

The Enigma of Identifying New Cattle Tick Vaccine Antigens

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