Experimental warming increased greenhouse gas emissions of a near-natural peatland and Sphagnum farming sites

Oestmann, Jan; Dettmann, Ullrich; Düvel, Dominik; Tiemeyer, Bärbel

doi:10.1007/s11104-022-05561-8

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Thus, based on the current available data for Zoige peatlands (Table 4), which is supported by that from other observational studies around the world (Andrews et al, 2022;Oestmann et al, 2022), future warming may decrease net C sequestration. In the context of a further 2 C increase (in relation to current temperatures), the Zoige peatland C stock may begin to lose C. However, these estimates are based on limited available data, which does not include the effect of warming on degraded peatlands.…”

Section: Potential Impacts On the Total Zoige Peatland Carbon Stocksupporting

confidence: 77%

The impacts of land‐use and climate change on the Zoige peatland carbon cycle: A review

Gaffney,

Tang,

et al. 2023

WIREs Climate Change

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The Zoige peatlands are the largest peatland area in China, and the largest high‐altitude peatland in the world. As with many peatlands worldwide, degradation from land management and climate change mean that the intact Zoige peatland area has decreased, potentially reducing the carbon (C) sink function and ecosystem services. This review summarizes current knowledge of the impacts of land‐use and climate change on the Zoige peatland C cycle in a global perspective and identifies future research and management directions. The existing literature suggests that artificial drainage carried out to lower water tables and improve grazing has a significant impact on the peatland C cycle. Drained and degraded areas may act as a net C source, through increased CO2 emissions, although the overall C balance of the Zoige peatlands is likely still a net C sink. Future climate change may also impact upon the peatland C cycle. Warming of 2°C may significantly reduce the strength of the C sink of intact peatland areas, which may shift the overall Zoige peatland C cycle balance to a net C source. The effect of warming on degraded Zoige peatlands is a major uncertainty, although the global literature suggests warming effects may be greater in degraded peatlands. Restoration of degraded peatlands (by blocking drains) may help reverse some of the impacts of degradation and gradually recover C sink function. However, there are fewer studies in Zoige peatlands than elsewhere. We conclude with several specific suggestions for future research on the peatland C cycle.This article is categorized under: Paleoclimates and Current Trends > Modern Climate Change Assessing Impacts of Climate Change > Observed Impacts of Climate Change Climate, Ecology, and Conservation > Observed Ecological Changes

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Section: Potential Impacts On the Total Zoige Peatland Carbon Stocksupporting

confidence: 77%

The impacts of land‐use and climate change on the Zoige peatland carbon cycle: A review

Gaffney,

Tang,

et al. 2023

WIREs Climate Change

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“…Our results also showed that bryophyte removal increased soil temperature, which may affect soil organic carbon and nitrogen cycling [58,59]. When S. junghuhnianum was removed from the evergreen broad-leaved forest, the surface temperature increased by 1.1 • C. Consequently, this could affect soil organic carbon by altering greenhouse gas emissions and microbial activity in the soil [41]. The Chao1 index in the surface soil decreased, indicating decreased microbial diversity after bryophyte removal.…”

Section: Effect Of Bryophyte Removal On Soil Organic Carbon Stock In ...mentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Understory plant removal affects SOC by decreasing the diversity and function of soil microorganisms [12,38,39]. For example, bryophytes are considered an important driving force in global biogeochemical cycles in terrestrial ecosystems [40,41]. Bryophytes have direct and indirect effects on C cycles through photosynthesis, respiration, and secondary metabolism [42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Soil Organic Carbon Stock to Bryophyte Removal Is Regulated by Forest Types in Southwest China

Chen

Cai

et al. 2022

Forests

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Bryophytes play an important role in biogeochemical cycles and functions in forest ecosystems. Global climate changes have led to the population decline of bryophytes; however, the effects of bryophyte loss on the soil organic carbon stock and microbial dynamic remain poorly understood. Here, bryophytes were artificially removed to simulate the loss of bryophytes in two forests in Southwest China, i.e., evergreen broad-leaved forest and temperate coniferous forest. Soil physicochemical properties, microorganisms, and soil organic carbon stocks were analyzed and factors regulating soil organic carbon stocks were explored. Results showed that bryophyte removal significantly decreased soil organic carbon in the coniferous forest but had a negligible effect on the evergreen broad-leaved forest. Bryophyte removal had an insignificant effect on soil properties and microbial PLFAs except that soil nitrogen significantly increased in the 0–10 cm layer in the evergreen broad-leaved forest, while soil temperature and bulk density increased in the coniferous forest in the 0–10 and 10–20 soil layers, respectively. Soil organic carbon stocks increased by 14.06% in the evergreen forest and decreased by 14.39% in the coniferous forest. In the evergreen forest, most soil properties and microorganisms contributed to the change of soil organic carbon stocks, however, only soil organic carbon and depth had significant effects in the coniferous forest. Our findings suggest that soil physiochemical properties and microorganisms regulated the different responses of soil organic carbon stocks after bryophyte removal in the two forests. More research is needed to better understand the effects of understory plants on soil organic carbon stocks in various forest ecosystems.

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“…Temperature plays an essential role in ecosystem respiration (ER), photosynthesis, as well as net ecosystem CO 2 uptake (Jassey & Signarbieux, 2019; Walker et al., 2016). Generally, warming increases ER due to the stimulation of microbial activities and vegetation growth (Dorrepaal et al., 2009; Lu et al., 2022; Oestmann et al., 2022; Ward et al., 2013), but its impacts on gross primary production (GPP) and net ecosystem CO 2 uptake are uncertain, ranging from decreased to increased fluxes (Helbig et al., 2022; Johnson et al., 2013; Laine et al., 2019; Li et al., 2021; Pearson et al., 2015; Ward et al., 2013). It is yet hard to obtain a general conclusion owing to the limited number of studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetation composition regulates the interaction of warming and nitrogen deposition on net carbon dioxide uptake in a boreal peatland

Gong,

Wu,

Roulet

et al. 2023

Functional Ecology

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Peatlands are carbon sinks and have the potential to mitigate global warming. However, it is unclear whether peatlands will remain carbon sinks or switch to carbon sources under global changes, such as climate warming, elevated nitrogen (N) deposition and vegetation composition change. In this study, these global changes were mimicked in a boreal peatland for 7 years to explore the interactions of climate warming, elevated N deposition and vegetation composition on the carbon sink function of peatlands. The results showed that warming has a limited effect on net ecosystem production (NEP), while N addition decreased NEP by 65% owing to the detrimental effect on Sphagnum mosses. The negative impact of N addition on NEP could be mitigated by warming under intact vegetation. Under the treatment of graminoid removal, warming and elevated N addition (WN) decreased NEP by 80%–106%. Under the treatment of shrub removal, 7 years of WN treatment did not affect NEP. These results highlight the importance of vegetation composition in regulating net CO2 flux in peatlands. If peatlands shift to shrub‐dominated ecosystems, the net CO2 uptake in peatlands would be decreased under climate warming and elevated N deposition. If peatlands shift to graminoid‐dominated ecosystems, the net CO2 uptake in peatlands would be unaltered under climate warming and elevated N deposition. This study sheds new light on the interactions of climate warming, elevated N deposition, and vegetation composition change on the CO2 uptake of peatlands; and could help accurately evaluate the carbon sink function of peatlands under future global change. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.

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Experimental warming increased greenhouse gas emissions of a near-natural peatland and Sphagnum farming sites

Cited by 6 publications

References 78 publications

The impacts of land‐use and climate change on the Zoige peatland carbon cycle: A review

The impacts of land‐use and climate change on the Zoige peatland carbon cycle: A review

Response of Soil Organic Carbon Stock to Bryophyte Removal Is Regulated by Forest Types in Southwest China

Vegetation composition regulates the interaction of warming and nitrogen deposition on net carbon dioxide uptake in a boreal peatland

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