Experimentelle Untersuchung zur Foulingneigung einer Polymerdispersion auf modifizierten Oberflächen

Gottschalk, Nathalie; Kuschnerow, J. C.; Föste, Henning; Augustin, Wolfgang; Scholl, Stephan

doi:10.1002/cite.201400126

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The craters have a diameter up to 100 µm and are visible even without magnification. Such a structure was also found by Gottschalk et al9 during polymer fouling experiments on different heated surfaces. Since the boiling temperature of the polymer dispersion with 100 °C is far above the wall temperature, this structure cannot result from an evaporation process forming bubbles.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

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Quantification of Polymer Fouling on Heat Transfer Surfaces During Synthesis

Hohlen

Augustin

Scholl

2019

Macro Reaction Engineering

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During the synthesis and processing of polymers, a significant amount of polymer may be deposited on the heat transfer surfaces. This deposit is unwanted and is usually named fouling. This study deals with the fouling behavior of a vinyl acetate/vinyl ester copolymer during emulsion polymerization and compares this to fouling of an already reacted vinyl acetate/ethylene copolymer dispersion. Besides the state of polymerization, also the influence of the wall temperature is investigated. The experiments are performed on cooled and heated surfaces. The deposition process is quantified by the mass‐based fouling resistance, the height of the fouling layer, and the surface coverage using a digital microscope. It is found that the state of polymerization and the temperature gradient between wall and bulk exert a strong influence on the fouling behavior, especially on the structure of the fouling layer.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…They demonstrated that reactor orientation and flow direction have a significant effect on fouling behavior. Gottschalk et al9 carried out initial investigations of a vinyl acetate based copolymer. It was shown that fouling can be reduced by modifying the surface with diamond‐like carbon (DLC) coatings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of Polymer Fouling on Heat Transfer Surfaces During Synthesis

Hohlen

Augustin

Scholl

2019

Macro Reaction Engineering

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“…In spite of the practical importance of fouling in emulsion polymerization reactors, the topic has only been scarcely treated in literature. It has been reported that fouling can be reduced by modifying the surface of the reactor . In the absence of polymerization (particulate fouling), fouling increased as the stability of the latex decreased and the solids content and the temperature increased.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been reported that fouling can be reduced by modifying the surface of the reactor. 16 In the absence of polymerization (particulate fouling), fouling increased as the stability of the latex decreased and the solids content and the temperature increased. Furthermore, the distribution of fouling in the reactor depended on the flow patterns.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactor Fouling in Emulsion Polymerization

Urrutia

Asúa

2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Emulsion polymerization is the method of choice for the production of waterborne dispersed polymers used in a broad range of applications including coatings and adhesives. Because of their huge surface area, waterborne dispersed polymers are thermodynamically unstable colloids prone to forming polymer deposits on the reactor wall. Fouling decreases heat transfer, lowering the productivity of the reactors and affecting the quality of the product. Fouling of emulsion polymerization reactors is investigated. It was found that the mere presence of monomer led to an increase in fouling due to the reduction of the glass transition temperature of the monomer-swollen particles. Polymerization caused a strong increase in fouling, and this effect was more pronounced as the amount of monomer in the system increased. The effect was attributed to the formation of unstable polymer particle precursors.

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“…Cunningham und O'Driscoll [6] untersuchten Betriebsfenster, in denen während der Polymerisation von Methylmethacrylat (MMA) in einem Rohrreaktor Fouling auftritt. Gottschalk et al [7] führten erste Untersuchungen mit einem Copolymer auf Vinylacetatbasis durch. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass es möglich ist, Verschmutzungen durch die Modifizierung der Oberfläche mit diamantähnlichen Kohlenstoffbeschichtungen (diamond-like carbon, DLC) zu reduzieren.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Untersuchung von Polymerablagerungen während der Synthese in einem Wärmeübertrager

Hohlen

Augustin

Scholl

2020

Chemie Ingenieur Technik

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Zur Untersuchung der unerwünschten Belagbildung von Polymeren auf wärmeübertragenden Oberflächen (Polymerisationsfouling) wird das Ablagerungsverhalten eines Vinylacetat/Vinylester-Copolymers während der Emulsionspolymerisation untersucht. Hierbei sollen grundlegende Unterschiede zum Ablagerungsverhalten eines bereits reagierten Vinylacetat/Ethylen-Copolymers identifiziert werden. Für einen qualitativen Vergleich wird die Ablagerungstopographie mithilfe eines Digitalmikroskops bestimmt. Für die quantitative Berechnung wird der Foulingwiderstand aus der Masse sowie der Schichthöhe des abgelagerten Materials berechnet. Der Polymerisationsgrad beeinflusst das Ablagerungsverhalten insb. die Topographie. Das bereits ausreagierte Stoffsystem weist eine größere Foulingmasse sowie eine deutlich ausgeprägtere, kraterförmige Ablagerungstopographie auf, wohingegen während des Polymerisationsfoulings eine optisch deutlich andere, tropfenförmige Topographie entsteht.To investigate the unwanted deposition of polymers on heat transfer surfaces (polymerization fouling) the deposition of a vinyl acetate/vinyl ester copolymer during emulsion polymerization is investigated. The aim is to identify fundamental differences to the fouling behavior of an already reacted vinyl acetate/ethylene copolymer. For a qualitative comparison the surface coverage is observed using a digital microscope. For the quantitative examination the fouling resistance is calculated from the mass and the layer height of the deposited material. The degree of polymerization has a significant influence on the deposition behavior. The already reacted material system shows a larger fouling mass and a more pronounced, crater-shaped surface coverage, whereas during polymerization fouling a clearly optically different drop-shaped surface coverage was formed.

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Experimentelle Untersuchung zur Foulingneigung einer Polymerdispersion auf modifizierten Oberflächen

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

Quantification of Polymer Fouling on Heat Transfer Surfaces During Synthesis

Quantification of Polymer Fouling on Heat Transfer Surfaces During Synthesis

Reactor Fouling in Emulsion Polymerization

Untersuchung von Polymerablagerungen während der Synthese in einem Wärmeübertrager

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