Experiments and 3D simulations of flow structures in junctions and their influence on location of flowmeters

Mignot, Emmanuel; Bonakdari, Hossein; Knothe, P.; Kouyi, Gislain Lipeme; Bessette, Anne; Rivière, Nicolas; Bertrand-Krajewski, Jean-Luc

doi:10.2166/wst.2012.319

Cited by 40 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In the downstream channel, the separation zone is highly three-dimensional; hence, it is difficult to characterize its width or length in one number [6,[8][9][10]. Nevertheless, the separation zone gradually widens at the surface when the discharge ratio decreases, closely corresponding to the logarithmic regression provided by Best & Reid [35], even when the discharge ratio is outside their experimental range.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The secondary currents in the case where q = 0.25 show dissimilarities in comparison to those in the case of rectangular sections with similar width-to-depth ratio yet different Froude numbers, where one strong clockwise rotating cell is present [8][9][10]31]. The current simulations do show a clockwise cell, but it is located close to the bottom.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Next to the separation zone, the merging flows passing through a narrowed cross-section are contracted, leading to increased velocities. From the very beginning of laboratory research on confluences, starting with Taylor [2], the ratio of incoming discharges has been recognized as a key parameter [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. However, laboratory research was mainly performed with discharge ratios in the range of 0.1 ≲ q ≲ 0.9, at least for the case of asymmetrical confluences with a fixed concordant bed and subcritical flow throughout [12]; the type of confluence that will be further considered in this paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Flow Patterns in an Open Channel Confluence with Increasingly Dominant Tributary Inflow

Schindfessel

Creëlle

Mulder

2015

Water

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Despite the ratio of incoming discharges being recognized as a key parameter in open-channel confluence hydrodynamics, little is known about the flow patterns when the tributary provides more than 90% of the total discharge. This paper offers a systematic study of flow features when the tributary becomes increasingly dominant in a 90° confluence with a fixed concordant bed. Large-eddy simulations are used to investigate the three-dimensional complex flow patterns for three different discharge ratios. It is found that the tributary flow impinges on the opposing bank when the tributary flow becomes sufficiently dominant, causing a recirculating eddy in the upstream channel of the confluence, which induces significant changes in the incoming velocity distribution. Moreover, it results in stronger helicoidal cells in the downstream channel, along with zones of upwelling flow. In turn, the changed flow patterns also influence the mixing layer and the flow recovery. Finally, intermittent events of stronger upwelling flow are discerned. Improved understanding of flow patterns at confluences where the tributary is dominant is applicable to both engineering and earth sciences.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flow Patterns in an Open Channel Confluence with Increasingly Dominant Tributary Inflow

Schindfessel

Creëlle

Mulder

2015

Water

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“…However, as a fully detailed presentation of the CFD modeling aspects (choice of turbulence models, mesh, discretization scheme and solver, etc.) is beyond the scope of this paper, the reader will find more information in [25][26][27].…”

Section: Cfd Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhodamine WT tracer experiments to check flow measurements in sewers

Lepot

Momplot

Kouyi

et al. 2014

Flow Measurement and Instrumentation

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“…Some studies have validated CFD techniques to simulate the operation of water meters [16,25] and correspondingly, the influence of hydraulic fittings [8,26] or other structures [27] on the distortion of the measured flow. The use of CFD numerical models can effectively reduce the high cost of experimental testing with turbine flowmeters [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Analysis of Woltman Meter Accuracy under Flow Perturbations

Palau

Balbastre

Manzano

et al. 2019

Water

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One of the unknowns in the instrumentation for water measurement is what degree of influence other hydraulic elements exert on the velocity profile and, consequently, on the measurement errors. In this work, the measurement errors of a horizontal-axis Woltman meter produced by a gate valve and by a butterfly valve in different hydraulic configurations were studied using a simplified numerical model. The gate valve was installed beside the meter and three pipe diameters upstream of the meter and were operated with closures of 75%, 50% and 25%, while the butterfly valve was installed at three pipe diameters upstream of the meter with closures of 0 • (open) and 30 • . The numerical model based on the rotor's torque balance equations and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) was validated by experimental tests. According to the results, it was concluded that the proposed model is valid and capable of estimating the errors caused by the hydraulic fittings arranged next to the meter. In addition, it is evident that for the analysed operating range, both valves must be installed at least three diameters of straight pipe upstream of the meter. Author Contributions: Conceptualization, C.V.P.; methodology, C.V.P., I.B. and J.M.; software, C.V.P., I.B. and J.M.; formal analysis, C.V.P., I.B. and J.M.; investigation, C.V.P., I.B.P. and J.M.; data curation, C.V.P., I.B.P. and J.M.; writing-original draft preparation, C.V.P.; writing-review and editing, C.V.P., B.M.A. and G.V.B.; visualization, C.V.P. and G.V.B.; supervision, C.V.P., B.M.A. ad J.M. Funding: This research received no external funding. Conflicts of Interest:The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Experiments and 3D simulations of flow structures in junctions and their influence on location of flowmeters

Cited by 40 publications

References 10 publications

Flow Patterns in an Open Channel Confluence with Increasingly Dominant Tributary Inflow

Flow Patterns in an Open Channel Confluence with Increasingly Dominant Tributary Inflow

Rhodamine WT tracer experiments to check flow measurements in sewers

Numerical Analysis of Woltman Meter Accuracy under Flow Perturbations

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