Experiments on seawater desalination by membrane distillation

Kubota, Shôji; Ohta, Kouji; Hayano, Ichiro; Hirai, M.; Kikuchi, Kunio; Murayama, Yasuto

doi:10.1016/0011-9164(88)80003-1

Cited by 44 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…Tests of MD for the following applications ' have been reported in the literature: production of pure water from brack-, ish water or seawater (4,5); concentration of mandarin orange juice (6), grape juice (7), milk, sugar, and gelatin solutions (8); blood concentration (9); and extraction of dilute ethanol from aqueous solutions (10) or from fermentation broths (11). The main advantages of membrane distillation over conventional distillation processes are: lower operating temperatures, compact modules, mist elimination, and the possibility of overcoming corrosion problems by using plastic equipment.…”

Section: Banat and Simandl 'mentioning

confidence: 99%

Desalination by Membrane Distillation: A Parametric Study

Banat¹,

Simandl²

1998

Separation Science and Technology

185

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Membrane distillation was investigated as a possible technique for desalination. An air-gap module with built-in Condensing surface was used for conducting experiments on polyvinylidene fluoride flat membrane sheets. The feed stream tested was artificial seawater. The quality of the permeate, quantified by conductivity measurements, and the permeate flux were monitored as the feed temperature, feed flow rate, cooling temperature, and cooling water flow fate were varied. The effect of the distance between the membrane and condensing surface was investigated by adjusting the air gap within the module. A mathematical model incorporating temperature and concentration polarization effects was developed and validated on the experimental data. Good agreement between experimental and predicted values was obtained.

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Section: Banat and Simandl 'mentioning

confidence: 99%

Desalination by Membrane Distillation: A Parametric Study

Banat¹,

Simandl²

1998

Separation Science and Technology

185

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“…Membrane distillation (MD) is well recognized as a potential alternative technology for desalination due to the benefits of moderate operating temperature with acceptable permeation rate, high salt rejection and low GHG emissions when operated with available low-grade waste heat [1,2]. Importantly, MD has an attractive advantage over other desalination processes (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance enhancement and scaling control with gas bubbling in direct contact membrane distillation

et al. 2013

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This study incorporates gas bubbling into direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) and examines its effect on the MD performance especially at elevated salt concentrations in the feed steam. Process optimization in the bubbling assisted DCMD process was carried out which involved varying operating conditions and module configurations. Also, observations were performed for the scaling status on the membrane surface with operating time in different modules to further understand the role of gas bubbling in affecting the behavior of crystal deposition when the salt concentration has reached super-saturation.Due to intensified local mixing and physical flow disturbance in the liquid boundary layer on the feed side, a higher flux enhancement could be achieved in a bubbling system with either a higher feed operating temperature, lower feed and permeate flow velocities, inclined module orientation, shorter fiber length or lower packing density. It was also found that gas bubbling not only enhanced the permeation flux by average 26% when concentrating feed solution from 18% salt concentration to saturation, but also delayed the occurrence of major flux decline due to crystal deposition when compared to the module with spacers. These results were confirmed by membrane surface autopsy at different operating stages SEM.

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“…(10) and (11), it can be shown that the normalized sensitivity factors of the air gap width and membrane thickness are dependent and related by the relation SðN; bÞ þ SðN; wÞ ¼ À1 ð15Þ This means that the normalized sensitivity factors of the membrane characteristics are dependent and, thus, the normalized sensitivity factors can be determined if only one of them is calculated. (10) and (11), it can be shown that the normalized sensitivity factors of the air gap width and membrane thickness are dependent and related by the relation SðN; bÞ þ SðN; wÞ ¼ À1 ð15Þ This means that the normalized sensitivity factors of the membrane characteristics are dependent and, thus, the normalized sensitivity factors can be determined if only one of them is calculated.…”

Section: Effect Of Membrane Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Potential applications of AGMD have been discussed by many researchers and some experimental and theoretical studies have also been described. Kubota et al [11] carried out experiments for seawater desalination. Temperature polarization effect was neglected in their model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity Analysis of Air Gap Membrane Distillation

Al‐Rub

Banat

Bani‐Melhem

2003

Separation Science and Technology

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In this study, parametric sensitivity analysis using dimesionless sensitivity analysis and temperature polarization was used to investigate the sensitivity of the mass flux to the different parameters associated with the air gap membrane distillation (AGMD) process for pure water production. The model of AGMD used in this study is the approximate model proposed by Jonsson et al., which neglects the temperature polarization effect. The effect of temperature polarization is studied * Correspondence: Fahmi A. Abu Al-Rub, Chemical and Petroleum Engineering using another model developed by Banat and Simandl. The results obtained show that the mass flux of pure water production is highly sensitive to the feed bulk temperature, membrane porisity at low porosity values, and air gap width. Results also show that increasing the membrane thickness decreases the mass flux of pure water and decreases the temperature polarization effect. In addition, results show that the temperature polarization effect becomes significant as feed bulk temperature increases. Increasing the film heat-transfer coefficients, increasing the diffusion path, or decreasing the membrane porosity can reduce the temperature polarization effect significantly.

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Experiments on seawater desalination by membrane distillation

Cited by 44 publications

References 0 publications

Desalination by Membrane Distillation: A Parametric Study

Desalination by Membrane Distillation: A Parametric Study

Performance enhancement and scaling control with gas bubbling in direct contact membrane distillation

Sensitivity Analysis of Air Gap Membrane Distillation

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