Experiments on the development of the heart of Amblystoma punctatum

Copenhaver, W. M.

doi:10.1002/jez.1400430302

Cited by 75 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…A theory of this type, involving local inhibition, was first proposed by Wigglesworth (1940) to explain the spacing of bristles in Drosophila (see also Lacalli and Harrison, 1978, for further theoretical discussion). However, such a model may not explain regeneration of the heart when the original heart-forming region is excised, as in Copenhaver's (1926) experiments.…”

Section: Competence Of Unspecified Mesodermmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If regulation occurs (and the structure forms), the field is larger than the excised region. Copenhaver (1926) first determined the extent of the heart field in Ambystoma punctatum (rnaculatum) in this way. When Copenhaver excised only the heart-forming region, a heart formed, leading him to conclude that the heart field was larger than the heart primordium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heart specification in the Mexican axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum)

Easton

Armstrong

Smith

1994

Developmental Dynamics

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The concept of the morphogenetic field has been used extensively in developmental biology. However, little is known about the mechanisms that partition these broad areas of tissue into the smaller areas which actually form the corresponding structures, and the remaining tissue. In the Mexican axolotl, the heart field forms as the anterior lateral plate mesoderm migrates over the underlying pharyngeal endoderm between stages 14 and 28. We have previously shown that both the mid-ventral and lateral walls of the pharyngeal cavity have considerable inductive capacity at stage 14. If this inductive capability, and the competence of the mesoderm to respond, is retained between stages 14 and 28, a much broader area of mesoderm would be induced than actually participates in heart development. In this paper, we use explant cultures to establish that pharyngeal endoderm retains its inductive activity, and that both pre-cardiac mesoderm and lateral plate mesoderm caudal to the pharyngeal cavity remain competent to respond to the induction throughout this period. We also map the specified region of the antero-lateral mesoderm between stages 14 and 28 by placing carefully measured areas of mesoderm in culture without inductive endoderm. We found that the region capable of initiating a spontaneous beat approximately doubles in size during this period. Since the specified region is larger than the actual heart primordium, some mechanism must exist to partition "induced" mesoderm into heart-forming and non-heart-forming areas. One possibility is a reaction-diffusion mechanism involving local activation of the first mesodermal cells to contact the inductive endoderm, accompanied by production of a diffusible inhibitor that limits the extent of the heart-forming region. o

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Section: Competence Of Unspecified Mesodermmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart specification in the Mexican axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum)

Easton

Armstrong

Smith

1994

Developmental Dynamics

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“…Early events of heart formation have been studied in many vertebrates (Copenhaver, 1926;Lemanski et al, 1979;Armstrong, 1990, 1991;Orts-Llorca, 1963;Orts-Llorca and Gil, 1965). Recently, these endodermal guidance cues have been attributed to the endodermal substrata upon which the heart mesoderm moves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between fibronectin expression during gastrulation and heart formation in the rat embryo

Suzuki

Solursh

Baldwin

1995

Developmental Dynamics

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By utilizing myosin immunostaining, we were able to identify early rat myocardium as a thin epithelial sheet and realized that its cohesive movement toward the midline leads to the straight heart tube formation. Localization study of fibronectin mRNA and protein was, therefore, carried out to investigate its tissue origin and possible roles in facilitating mesoderm migration and heart formation. Fibronectin mRNAs were first detected throughout the mesoderm during the early primitive streak stage, suggesting that the mesoderm is the source of fibronectin. By pre-head fold (pre-somite) and head fold (early somite) stages, the mesoderm became largely down-regulated for fibronectin mRNAs, while it was also at these stages when myosin-positive myocardium formed itself into the epithelium and was subsequently folding toward the midline. Thus, there appears to be little fibronectin synthesis during and directly relevant to early heart tube formation. Later, during the early straight heart tube stage (5 somite and older), endocardium became highly positive for fibronectin mRNAs, suggesting that the endocardium is the major source of fibronectin for the cardiac jelly. Based on the results, we present a map for the early mammalian heart in which the heart is a single crescentic band lying in front of the prechordal plate. We also suggest a process for heart tube formation based on the cohesive movement of the myocardial epithelium. During heart tube formation, fibronectin protein had been deposited previously by the mesoderm and was found uniformly in the ECM and not newly produced by any adjacent tissue. The data contradict the endodermal guidance of heart migration by fibronectin gradient and suggest, instead, a permissive role for the fibronectin substrate. o 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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“…In the developm ent of the vertebrate heart a variety of embryological observations and experiments have unequivocally show n a dom inance of the left heart anlage, indicating a left dom inance in the norm al developm ent of this organ (Bailly, 1963;Bride, 1974;Copenhaver, 1926;DeHaan, 1959;Ekm an, 1925;Goerttler, 1928;Ichikawa, 1942;Zwirner & Kuhlo, 1964). The vitelline vein of the Triturus em bryo develops as an initially symm etric and, in the anterior part of the body, bifurcated blood island, but later evolve s into the main vessel of the intestinal vein system directed to the left and towards the heart (normal situs, see earlier and Fig.…”

Section: Right± Left Axis and Dominance Of Sidementioning

confidence: 98%

Symmetry and Asymmetry in the Development of Inner Organs in Parabiotic Twins of Amphibians (Urodela)

Kraft¹

1999

Laterality

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Experiments on the development of the heart of Amblystoma punctatum

Cited by 75 publications

References 11 publications

Heart specification in the Mexican axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum)

Heart specification in the Mexican axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum)

Relationship between fibronectin expression during gastrulation and heart formation in the rat embryo

Symmetry and Asymmetry in the Development of Inner Organs in Parabiotic Twins of Amphibians (Urodela)

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