Experiments on the Endocrinology of the Sexual Glands

Sand, Knud

doi:10.1210/endo-7-2-273

Cited by 26 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…THE FIRST REPORTS of using the testis as a site for transplantation were by Sand, 11,12 who found that an ovary transplanted into the testis developed mature follicles; however, detailed information about the studies, such as the age of the animals used as donors and recipients and the stage of follicles, was lacking. When Ozdzenski et al 13 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, it has been hypothesized that the development of mammalian ovaries placed in a male hormonal environment would be suppressed because of the presence of only small amounts of female‐specific hormones and large quantities of androgens. Testing this hypothesis requires transplantation of the ovary into the testis and the first reports of this procedure were from Sand in the early 1900s 11,12 . Ozdzenski et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Folliculogenesis following syngeneic transplantation of young murine ovaries into the testes

Sakurai

Kiryu

Takeda

et al. 2006

Reprod Medicine & Biology

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To examine the effects of intratesticular transplantation on the growth and maturation of young murine ovaries. Two-week-old ovaries from transgenic mice with enhanced green fluorescent protein expression were transplanted under the testicular capsule of 4-week-old non-transgenic mice. Two months after transplantation all successfully grafted ovaries had survived, based on the presence of bright green fluorescence. The grafts showed various stages of folliculogenesis, including expanded follicles. The neighboring seminiferous tubules had a normal structure and mature sperm in their lumens, indicating active spermatogenesis, and all the recipient males were fertile. There was no evidence of extensive cell migration from the grafted ovaries into the testis. Similar findings were obtained for the grafted ovaries 6 months after surgery, although cell death (as evidenced by yellowish or pale fluorescence) was more frequent. Young murine ovaries can grow and mature autonomously for at least 6 months unaffected by the male hormonal environment. (Reprod Med Biol 2006;: 71-77).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Folliculogenesis following syngeneic transplantation of young murine ovaries into the testes

Sakurai

Kiryu

Takeda

et al. 2006

Reprod Medicine & Biology

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“…In this study, we improved the previously used method for intratesticular grafting of a juvenile ovary [12], and demonstrated that the grafted ovary still possesses the ability to ovulate oocytes when placed under a normal environment via ovary transplantation. Intratesticular grafting of an ovary was first performed by Sand [16,17], who found that the grafted ovary developed mature follicles, although the procedure remained unclear regarding the age of animal most suitable for obtaining donors and recipients and the most optimum stage of follicle maturation. Ozdzenski et al [3] later grafted 11-13-day-old embryonic mouse ovaries into an adult testis and found that the grafts had severely restricted growth, but not mascularization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Recovery of a Whole Ovary Transplanted Into Syngenic Testis in Mice

Ohtsuka¹,

Nakamura²,

Sakurai³

et al. 2012

Clon Transgen

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We previously demonstrated that a whole juvenile (2-week-old) mouse ovary transplanted into a syngenic host testis survived and exhibited normal folliculogenesis. The aim of this study was to test whether the graft possessed normal abilities such as ovulation. Whole ovaries were excised from a female transgenic mouse (2-week-old) ubiquitously expressing enhanced green fluorescence protein. The isolated ovary was then transplanted into the testis of a nontransgenic male (2-week-old), in which approximately 80% of the seminiferous tubules had been removed to create enough space for the graft to grow properly. Two months after transplantation, the ovary grafts were isolated from the testis and subjected to histological analysis. Some grafts were subsequently subjected to ovary transplantation to assess the capability of the grafted ovaries to ovulate oocytes. Two months after ovary transplantation, 3 of 8 ovaries grafted under the ovarian capsule successfully ovulated fluorescent oocytes in response to a surge of luteinizing hormone. These results indicate that intratesticular grafting of juvenile ovaries allows functional development of the graft. This system would be helpful for investigating oogenesis/folliculogenesis in ectopic environments as well as for rescuing ovaries with genetic defects.

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“…In the third decade of this century, expressions of doubt regarding the efficacy of testis allografts (Enderlen, 1921;Forster, 1921;Stabel, 1921;Haberland, 1922;Kreuter, 1922;Rosenthal, 1922;Brandt, 1923) competed with widespread enthusiasm for the alleged rejuvenating potency of animal testes grafted into humans. At first the testes of goats were claimed to give the best results in restoring vital functions and potency (Lichtenstern, 1921(Lichtenstern, , 1922Hunt, 1922;Sand, 1923); shortly afterwards others recommended primates as sources of testes to rejuvenate those who could afford it. One of these rejuvenators was Serge Voronoff, a Russianborn Paris surgeon, who travelled the world in the late 1920s giving lectures as well as performing these operations (Voronoff, 1925).…”

Section: The Early Yearsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transplantation of the testis; from the past to the present

Barten

Newling

1996

Int J of Andrology

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Since the development of surgery, the possibility of testis transplantation has fascinated man for centuries. Hunter and Berthold are considered to be the most important investigators in this field and, in addition, to be the founders of modern endocrinology. The association of testis transplantation with rejuvenation led to widespread popularity for this treatment in the first three decades of the twentieth century. At the same time, controversies concerning the aim of the treatment have coloured the early years of endocrinology. In the 1960s renewed interest in the subject arose for experimental reasons, leading to the development of microsurgical techniques for autotransplantation of high-lying undescended testes in children. Homologous testis transplantation has never become a subject of great interest, probably for ethical reasons. This possible treatment for hypogonadism, however, has been developed experimentally and has been performed in man only in Russia and China, evidently with success. The details of these studies and their outcomes are discussed.

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Experiments on the Endocrinology of the Sexual Glands

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

Folliculogenesis following syngeneic transplantation of young murine ovaries into the testes

Folliculogenesis following syngeneic transplantation of young murine ovaries into the testes

Functional Recovery of a Whole Ovary Transplanted Into Syngenic Testis in Mice

Transplantation of the testis; from the past to the present

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