Experiments on the internal secretion of the sexual glands, especially on experimental hermaphroditism

Sand, Knud

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1919.sp001875

Cited by 40 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…THE FIRST REPORTS of using the testis as a site for transplantation were by Sand, 11,12 who found that an ovary transplanted into the testis developed mature follicles; however, detailed information about the studies, such as the age of the animals used as donors and recipients and the stage of follicles, was lacking. When Ozdzenski et al 13 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, it has been hypothesized that the development of mammalian ovaries placed in a male hormonal environment would be suppressed because of the presence of only small amounts of female‐specific hormones and large quantities of androgens. Testing this hypothesis requires transplantation of the ovary into the testis and the first reports of this procedure were from Sand in the early 1900s 11,12 . Ozdzenski et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Folliculogenesis following syngeneic transplantation of young murine ovaries into the testes

Sakurai

Kiryu

Takeda

et al. 2006

Reprod Medicine & Biology

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To examine the effects of intratesticular transplantation on the growth and maturation of young murine ovaries. Two-week-old ovaries from transgenic mice with enhanced green fluorescent protein expression were transplanted under the testicular capsule of 4-week-old non-transgenic mice. Two months after transplantation all successfully grafted ovaries had survived, based on the presence of bright green fluorescence. The grafts showed various stages of folliculogenesis, including expanded follicles. The neighboring seminiferous tubules had a normal structure and mature sperm in their lumens, indicating active spermatogenesis, and all the recipient males were fertile. There was no evidence of extensive cell migration from the grafted ovaries into the testis. Similar findings were obtained for the grafted ovaries 6 months after surgery, although cell death (as evidenced by yellowish or pale fluorescence) was more frequent. Young murine ovaries can grow and mature autonomously for at least 6 months unaffected by the male hormonal environment. (Reprod Med Biol 2006;: 71-77).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Folliculogenesis following syngeneic transplantation of young murine ovaries into the testes

Sakurai

Kiryu

Takeda

et al. 2006

Reprod Medicine & Biology

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“…26 "Successful" transplants of mammalian testes had to wait until some time later. [27][28][29] In the early part of the last century prior to the discovery of the male sex hormone, testosterone, transplantation of male gonads, including transplants of animal gonads into humans, was undertaken by charlatans and serious researchers alike in the search for treatments to increase male health and virility. 30,31 It was quickly noted that, although the function of the interstitial tissue appeared to continue in these transplant experiments, tubule function was not preserved.…”

Section: Historical Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Immunophysiology of Male Reproduction

Hedger

2015

Knobil and Neill's Physiology of Reproduction

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“…10 As a recipient site, the testis was initially found to protect follicle development in transplanted ovaries for a period of months. 11 In the 1970s to the 1980s, a variety of allografts and xenografts were found to function in the testis for an extended amount of time. 12 Notably, the survival time of insulin-secreting xenogeneic islets is significantly prolonged in the testis compared to other recipient sites.…”

Section: Immune Privilege In the Testismentioning

confidence: 99%

Testicular defense systems: immune privilege and innate immunity

et al. 2014

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The mammalian testis possesses a special immunological environment because of its properties of remarkable immune privilege and effective local innate immunity. Testicular immune privilege protects immunogenic germ cells from systemic immune attack, and local innate immunity is important in preventing testicular microbial infections. The breakdown of local testicular immune homeostasis may lead to orchitis, an etiological factor of male infertility. The mechanisms underlying testicular immune privilege have been investigated for a long time. Increasing evidence shows that both a local immunosuppressive milieu and systemic immune tolerance are involved in maintaining testicular immune privilege status. The mechanisms underlying testicular innate immunity are emerging based on the investigation of the pattern recognition receptor-mediated innate immune response in testicular cells. This review summarizes our current understanding of testicular defense mechanisms and identifies topics that merit further investigation.

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Experiments on the internal secretion of the sexual glands, especially on experimental hermaphroditism

Cited by 40 publications

References 1 publication

Folliculogenesis following syngeneic transplantation of young murine ovaries into the testes

Folliculogenesis following syngeneic transplantation of young murine ovaries into the testes

The Immunophysiology of Male Reproduction

Testicular defense systems: immune privilege and innate immunity

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