“…The design of such auctions, however, led to a number of fundamental problems, and many theoretical and experimental contributions during the past ten years (Cramton et al, 2006b). The existing experimental literature comparing SMRAs and CAs suggests that in the presence of significant complementarities in bidders' valuations and a setting with independent private and quasi-linear valuations, combinatorial auctions achieve higher efficiency than simultaneous auctions (Banks et al, 1989;Ledyard et al, 1997;Porter et al, 2003;Kwasnica et al, 2005;Brunner et al, 2010;Goeree and Holt, 2010). Since 2008 several countries such as the U.K., Ireland, the Netherlands, Denmark, Austria, Switzerland, and the U.S. have adopted combinatorial auctions for selling spectrum rights (Cramton, 2009b).…”