Expermental chemotherapeutic effects of niclofolan (Bayer 9015, Bilevon) on the animals infected with Paragonimus westermani or P. iloktsuenensis

Rim, Han Jong; Kim, Myung Se; Ha, Joung Hwan; Chang, Dong Shik

doi:10.3347/kjp.1976.14.2.140

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 5 publications

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“…It is abortive in wide use because of its frequent and severe toxic reactions, especially brain toxicity. 25 The only instance of niclofolan-related ocular adverse effects—blurry vision, papillary edema, and flame-shaped retinal hemorrhage—was described in Korea in 1982. These ocular signs, however, were assumed to be the consequence of increased intracranial pressure rather than direct ocular damage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical coherence tomography findings in presumed veterinary anthelmintic drug-induced retinal toxicity: a glimpse into underlying mechanism

Guan,

Zhao,

et al. 2024

Retina

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Purpose: To report optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings of presumed veterinary anthelmintic drugs (VAD)-induced retinal toxicity that may aid in understanding potential pathogenic mechanisms. Methods: This is a retrospective observational case series analysis of patients with vision abnormalities following the accidental or intentional consumption of VADs. All cases underwent a thorough ophthalmological examination. Moreover, medical records, as well as the initial and follow-up OCT images, were thoroughly scrutinized. Results: Four patients were identified (3 males; mean [range] age, 36.5 [22-52] years). Each patient overdosed on one or two of the following VADs: closantel, triclabendazole, praziquantel, pyrantel pamoate, and niclofolan. The most characteristic OCT finding was diffuse, granular, hyperreflective lesions throughout the outer retina, which were initially identified in the ellipsoid zone in two cases. At follow-up, OCT exhibited regression of hyperreflective lesions and extensive loss of the outer retinal elements in two patients. In addition, the sub-foveal outer retinal layers may be partially preserved. Conclusion: Some VADs could be detrimental to the human retina if overdosed, resulting in visual disturbances. OCT revealed the mitochondria-enriched ellipsoid zone was where outer retinal damage first appeared on, implying that these medications may harm the retina by inhibiting mitochondrial energy metabolism, as they do to eliminate parasites.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical coherence tomography findings in presumed veterinary anthelmintic drug-induced retinal toxicity: a glimpse into underlying mechanism

Guan,

Zhao,

et al. 2024

Retina

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In vitro effect of praziquantel on Paragonimus westermani by light and scanning electron microscopic observation

et al. 1987

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The effect of praziquantel on P. westermani exposed in vitro was observed by stereomicroscope, light microscope and scanning electron microscope. Following results were found. The worms incubated in 0.01 micro-g/ml praziquantel were moving after 26-hour incubation. However, all of them were immobilized immediately after incubation in solutions over 0.1 micro-g/ml concentration. All of the exposed worms showed severe vacuolization not only in tegument but in subtegument, intestine, ovary, testis, Mehlis' gland and excretory bladder. Vacuoles in tegument burst out to form craters. As incubation time went on, tegumental structure was disintegrated severely. The worms exposed to praziquantel were observed to be immobilized and be vacuolized of all tissues. Disintegration of reproductive organs suggests that praziquantel have suppressive effect on egg production when the flukes are not killed. The drug effects were found more related with incubation time than with drug concentration.

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ELISA of rat sera infected with Paragonimus iloktsuenensis

1990

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Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of paragonimiasis iloktsuenensis rat sera was performed using crude antigens of Paragonimus iloktsuenensis (PIA), P. westermani (PWA) and Clonorchis sinensis (CSA). Three crude antigens (PIA, PWA, CSA) were prepared to saline homogenated supernatants of whole adult worms. Infected rat sera were obtained biweekly from the albino rats fed 50-80 metacercariae of P. iloktsuenensis through gastric catheter. Experimental groups were divided into 4 groups: GI (controls), GII, GIII and GIV according to 1-7 worms as GII, 10-19 worms as GIII and 22-40 worms as GIV, respectively. In ELISA, the mean OD values of each group for the homologous antigen (PIA) were increased significantly compared to the control sera at the 4th week of infection. With the progress of duration of infection, the mean OD values of infected sera of GII & GIV continuously increased up to the 12th week (last week), but in GIII the mean OD value increased until the 10th week. No significance was noted among the infection dose groups (GII, GIII and GIV), after the 6th week of infection. Also, the OD values of all infected rats did not show any proportional relationships to the number of worms recovered. In brief, the antibody productivity of individual rats were strongly different. The rat sera infected with P. iloktsuenensis cross-reacted with those infected with P. westermani or C. sinensis, as identified by OD values.

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Expermental chemotherapeutic effects of niclofolan (Bayer 9015, Bilevon) on the animals infected with Paragonimus westermani or P. iloktsuenensis

Cited by 4 publications

References 5 publications

Optical coherence tomography findings in presumed veterinary anthelmintic drug-induced retinal toxicity: a glimpse into underlying mechanism

Optical coherence tomography findings in presumed veterinary anthelmintic drug-induced retinal toxicity: a glimpse into underlying mechanism

In vitro effect of praziquantel on Paragonimus westermani by light and scanning electron microscopic observation

ELISA of rat sera infected with Paragonimus iloktsuenensis

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