Expert’s opinion of a home-based exercise program for shoulder pain prevention: application in wheelchair basketball players.

Abstract

<jats:p>The aim of the study was to assess the structure and content validity of a home-based exercise program, as an instrument to prevent of shoulder pain (SP) in wheelchair basketball players. The proposed program was designed considering previous studies but to be applied in this specific population and; it was composed by exercises based on active mobility (4 exercises), strengthening (5 exercises) and stretching (5 exercises) of the shoulder joint. An ad hoc questionnaire was administered to a convenience sample of 9 experts (1 rehabilitation physician,1 sport physician, 4 physiotherapists and 3 coaches) that fulfilled the defined inclusion criteria. The results showed that experts considered the shoulder home-based exercise program (SHEP) as adequate tool for SP prevention in WB; however, some experts suggested some changes to improve it. According to the qualitative analysis performed, findings revealed two main underlying factors such as “design” (content and structure) and “application” that could influence in the adequate use of the home-based exercise program. This study provided evidence that the presentedhome-based exercise program is a validate tool and could be a powerful tool to prevent shoulder pain in WB player’s population. </jats:p>

Effect of a Home-based Exercise Program on Shoulder Pain and Range of Motion in Elite Wheelchair Basketball Players: A Non-Randomized Controlled Trial

“…In contrast with previous research [23,31,51], this study shows that a SHEP seems appropriate to prevent the development of SP and re-injury. In accordance with this, a study by García-Gómez et al [37] reported evidence for the adequate structure and content validity of a SHEP according to expert opinions. The exercise program included special attention to front chest musculature and the back of the shoulder joint, which is often tight when the wheelchair user has a limited inward rotation of the shoulder [52].…”

“…The WB players allocated to the intervention group followed a detailed protocol including strengthening and stretching exercises in the upper extremities [26,27,28,29,30], along with general recommendations. In order to assure the quality and consistency of the SHEP, a qualitative analysis was developed based on the expert opinions of health and sport professionals, including a rehabilitation physician, a sport physician, physiotherapists and coaches [37].…”

“…Based on the information and evidence available in the previous literature, a SHEP (S1 in Supplementary Materials) was developed which focused on the prevention of shoulder injuries in WB players. The structure and content validity of this program were demonstrated [37] in previous studies [26,27,28]. The proposed program (S1 in Supplementary Materials) included: Warm-up exercises performed bilaterally in sagittal, coronal and transverse planes (eight repetitions of each).Five strengthening exercises performed for the serratus anterior, scapula retraction and depression, and shoulder rotation and adduction (three sets of ten repetitions, with 45 s of rest between sets).…”

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“…The second part of the program included specific Mulligan manual techniques, individually selected according to the symptoms of each participant. To assure the quality and consistency of the individual physiotherapy program, a qualitative analysis was developed based on the expert opinions of health and sports professionals, including a sports physician, physiotherapists and coaches (García-Gómez et al 2017). The second part of the individual programs were individually selected by the physiotherapy team of 4 people.…”

“…About 80% of wheelchair basketball players reported shoulder pain-related activities of daily living (ADL) or sports activities Pérez-Tejero et al, 2006). Overhead movements involved in many daily living activities and also many sports activities with even higher load may promote shoulder pain García-Gómez et al, 2017;Curtis et al, 1985).…”