Explaining perceived cross‐situational consistency: Intuitive psychometrics or semantic mediation?

Semin, Gün R.; Krahé, Barbara

doi:10.1002/per.2410020402

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Social psychological evidence suggests that cross‐situational behavior consistency occurs because of language—traits serve as linguistic concepts that suggest the same behavior is applicable in a novel social context (Semin & Krahne, ). This also supports the idea that traits are not heuristics.…”

Section: The Argument For Trait Inferences As Heuristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Generalization Process from Past Behavior to Predicting Future Behavior

Harris

Lee

Thompson

et al. 2015

Behavioral Decision Making

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Substantial evidence in social psychology documents that traits predict behavior. Research in behavioral economics establishes prior behavioral information-the actual behavior of another person in the past-influences future decision making, suggestive of the role of traits in guiding future behavior, but agnostic to the specific psychological mechanism. Yet the entire generalization process from past behavior to predicting future behavior has not been fully explored. Additionally, previous paradigms do not adequately dissociate prediction from explanation, and provide participants with trait information, or rely on participants to generate the appropriate trait. Here, we combine literature and experimental approaches in social psychology and behavioral economics to explore the generalization process from prior behavior that guides future decisions. Across three studies utilizing consequential economic game paradigms and online questionnaires, an initial group of participants (employees) played a time estimation game and a charity donations game before a second group of participants (employers) viewed the behavior of the first group, then decided whether to invest in employees in a trust game and rock guessing game. Although participants infer trait warmth and competence from the behavioral information in the first two games, estimates of normative behavior predicted investment decisions on the warmth-relevant games better than trait inferences. These results dissociate generalizations guided by warmth and competence behavioral information, and question the extent to which traits always serve as heuristics to predict behavior.

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Section: The Argument For Trait Inferences As Heuristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Generalization Process from Past Behavior to Predicting Future Behavior

Harris

Lee

Thompson

et al. 2015

Behavioral Decision Making

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Firstly, the role of language when describing oneself and others. Semin and Krahe (1988) studied the mediating role of language when lay persons establish relationships among behaviours when describing the personality of an individual. They found that, in the absence of a pragmatic context, behavioral descriptions can only be understood with reference to an abstract, semantic context consensually shared by the language speakers.…”

Section: The Relationships Between What People Say and How They Reallmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are We more Consistent when Talking about Ourselves than when Behaving? Consistency Differences through a Questionnaire and an Objective Task

et al. 2011

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The present paper aimed to examine questionnaire response patterns and objective task-based test behavioral patterns in order to analyze the differences people show in consistency. It is hypothesized that people tend to be more consistent when talking about themselves (when describing themselves through verbal statements) that when they solve a task (when behaving). Consistency is computed using the π* statistic (Hernandez, Rubio, Revuelta, & Santacreu, 2006). According to this procedure, consistency is defined as the value and the dimensionality of the latent trait of an individual (θ) remaining invariant through out the test of. Participants who are consistent must show a constant θ and follow a given response pattern during the entire course of the test. A sample of 3,972 participants was used. Results reveal that 68% of participants showed a consistent response pattern when completing the questionnaire. When tackling the task-based test, the percentage was 66%. 45% of individuals showed a consistent pattern in both tests. Implications for personality and individual differences assessment are discussed.

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Semantic mediation or spurious correlation? A reply to Semin and Krahé's critique of Epstein and Teraspulsky

Borkenau

1988

Eur J Pers

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Semin and Krahé draw inappropriate conclusions from their two studies. The correlation between semantic similarity and assumed relatedness may well be spurious and should not be interpreted causally. Their finding that semantic similarity estimates are not influenced by the period of observation whereas, according to Epstein and Teraspulsky, the assumed relatedness of behaviours is influenced, points to the inappropriateness of Semin and Krahé's claims. Epstein and Teraspulsky's psychometric hypothesis accounts for the available findings more easily than Semin and Krahé's semantic mediation hypothesis.

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Explaining perceived cross‐situational consistency: Intuitive psychometrics or semantic mediation?

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

Exploring the Generalization Process from Past Behavior to Predicting Future Behavior

Exploring the Generalization Process from Past Behavior to Predicting Future Behavior

Are We more Consistent when Talking about Ourselves than when Behaving? Consistency Differences through a Questionnaire and an Objective Task

Semantic mediation or spurious correlation? A reply to Semin and Krahé's critique of Epstein and Teraspulsky

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