Explicit memory, repetition priming and cognitive skill learning in schizophrenia

Gras-Vincendon, A.; Danion, Jean-Marie; Grangé, Danielle; Bilik, Miloslav; Willard-Schroeder, Dominique; Sichel, Jean-Paul; Singer, Léonard

doi:10.1016/0920-9964(94)90092-2

Cited by 104 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Preserved implicit memory in the presence of impaired recall memory is consistent with a similar performance dissociation in other psychiatric and neurologic disorders, such as schizophrenia and amnesia [20,21].…”

Section: Memorysupporting

confidence: 70%

Cognitive and neurological impairment in mood disorders

Marvel

Paradiso

2004

Psychiatric Clinics of North America

209

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Section: Memorysupporting

confidence: 70%

Cognitive and neurological impairment in mood disorders

Marvel

Paradiso

2004

Psychiatric Clinics of North America

209

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“…The Frith model of schizophrenia (Frith, 1987(Frith, , 1992 places the main emphasis on the disturbance of automatic processes as responsible for the failure of patients in making a conscious distinction between their own actions and those performed by others. In fact, there is evidence that automatic processes, such as implicit memory, priming etc., are usually left intact in schizophrenic patients (Callaway and Naghdi, 1982;Gras-Vincendon et al, 1994), whereas conscious cognitive processes (explicit memory, action planning) are known to be more severely affected (e.g. Gray et al, 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Looking for the agent: an investigation into consciousness of action and self-consciousness in schizophrenic patients

et al. 1997

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Looking for the agent: an investigation into consciousness of action and self-consciousness in schizophrenic patients. Cognition, Elsevier, 1997, 65, pp.71-86. Looking for the agent: an investigation into consciousness of action and self-consciousness in schizophrenic patients AbstractThe abilities to attribute an action to its proper agent and to understand its meaning when it is produced by someone else are basic aspects of human social communication. Several psychiatric syndromes, such as schizophrenia, seem to lead to a dysfunction of the awareness of one's own action as well as of recognition of actions performed by others. Such syndromes offer a framework for studying the determinants of agency, the ability to correctly attribute actions to their veridical source. Thirty normal subjects and 30 schizophrenic patients with and without hallucinations and/or delusional experiences were required to execute simple finger and wrist movements, without direct visual control of their hand. The image of either their own hand or an alien hand executing the same or a different movement was presented on a TV-screen in real time. The task for the subjects was to discriminate whether the hand presented on the screen was their own or not. Hallucinating and deluded schizophrenic patients were more impaired in discriminating their own hand from the alien one than the non-hallucinating ones, and tended to misattribute the alien hand to themselves. Results are discussed according to a model of action control. A tentative description of the mechanisms leading to action consciousness is proposed.

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“…Prior studies have shown that subjects can become aware of the sequence during the course of training on the SRT test (Nissen & Bullemer, 1987), and that explicit knowledge of the sequence improves performance (Pascual-Leone et al, 1993). In light of explicit memory disturbances found in patients with schizophrenia (Gras-Vincendon et al, 1994), patients' reduced learning possibly resulted from an inability to draw on explicit strategies in the way that healthy controls did. Schwartz et al (2003) examined sequence learning in schizophrenia using the alternating SRT (ASRT) test developed by J.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implicit learning of non-spatial sequences in schizophrenia

Marvel¹,

Schwartz

Howard

et al. 2005

J. Inter. Neuropsych. Soc.

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Recent studies have reported abnormal implicit learning of sequential patterns in patients with schizophrenia. Because these studies were based on visuospatial cues, the question remained whether patients were impaired simply due to the demands of spatial processing. This study examined implicit sequence learning in 24 patients with schizophrenia and 24 healthy controls using a non-spatial variation of the serial reaction time test (SRT) in which pattern stimuli alternated with random stimuli on every other trial. Both groups showed learning by responding faster and more accurately to pattern trials than to random trials. Patients, however, showed a smaller magnitude of sequence learning. Both groups were unable to demonstrate explicit knowledge of the nature of the pattern, confirming that learning occurred without awareness. Clinical variables were not correlated with the patients' learning deficits. Patients with schizophrenia have a decreased ability to develop sensitivity to regularly occurring sequences of events within their environment. This type of deficit may affect an array of cognitive and motor functions that rely on the perception of event regularity.

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Explicit memory, repetition priming and cognitive skill learning in schizophrenia

Cited by 104 publications

References 43 publications

Cognitive and neurological impairment in mood disorders

Cognitive and neurological impairment in mood disorders

Looking for the agent: an investigation into consciousness of action and self-consciousness in schizophrenic patients

Implicit learning of non-spatial sequences in schizophrenia

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