Exploitation of Nectar Resources by Hummingbirds, Bees (Bombus), and Diglossa baritula and Its Role in the Evolution of Penstemon kunthii

Lyon, David L.; Chadek, Christine

doi:10.2307/1365847

Cited by 32 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Schluter (1986) suggested that the bees influence nectar use by the birds and that character displacement in bird body size occurs in response to the presence or absence of bees. It has been observed a size-dependent dominance hierarchy exists among several groups of birds and insects (Brown et al, 1978;Gill & Wolf, 1979;Schaffer et al, 1979;McFarland, 1986;, where birds have negative effects on the availability of nectar to the insects (Lyon & Chadek, 1971;Primack & Howe, 1975;Boyden, 1978;Carpenter, 1979). On the other hand, insect nectarivores can also swamp the resource-defense systems of birds by sheer force of numbers (Schaffer et al, 1979;Kodric-Brown & Brown, 1979;Gill et al, 1982), as observed for honeybees in our study site.…”

Section: Temporal and Spatial Segregation Vs Territorialitysupporting

confidence: 67%

“…Nectarivorous assemblages typically composed by either bees, hawkmoths, hummingbirds, passerine birds, and/or bats sharing resources over time, have been widely documented in the literature (Alcorn et al, 1961;Lyon & Chadek, 1971;Borrero, 1972;Primack & Howe, 1975;Cruden & Toledo, 1977;Toledo, 1977;Boyden, 1978;Des Granges, 1978;Carpenter, 1979;Feinsinger et al, 1979;, 1982Morton, 1979;Schaffer et al, 1979;Steiner, 1979;Kodric-Brown & Brown 1979;Gill et al, 1982;Kuban et al, 1983;Schluter, 1986;Eguiarte & Bú rquez, 1987;Gryj et al, 1990;Westerkamp, 1990;Sazima et al, 1993;Buzato et al, 1994;Fleming et al, 1996). Researchers have concentrated most of their attention on describing how distantly related taxa partition nectar resources and describing their role as pollinators.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Nectar oasis produced by Agave marmorata Roezl. (Agavaceae) lead to spatial and temporal segregation among nectarivores in the Tehuacán Valley, México

Ornelas

Ordano

Hernández

et al. 2002

Journal of Arid Environments

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We investigated temporal and spatial segregation of nectarivores at Agave marmorata inflorescences in Tehuacán, México. Using survival analysis, a technique in which data are treated as censored, we found temporal segregation among insects, hummingbirds, and perching birds during the most nectar-limited time. Survivorship curves of hummingbirds and orioles were not significantly different from each other, however, temporal segregation was observed within hummingbirds according to body size and territorial behavior. Temporal segregation among hummingbirds is interpreted as a way to reduce risk of injury. This way hummingbirds meet their short-term energy demands and co-existence may be facilitated in a nectar oasis. In contrast, survivorship curves of oriole species were not statistically different with each other, but spatial segregation is suspected; Scott's Orioles segregate by visiting agaves with taller inflorescences sooner than visiting those with shorter inflorescences. These results along with those of foraging behavior and floral shifts suggest that orioles are the legitimate pollinators of this century plant.

show abstract

Section: Temporal and Spatial Segregation Vs Territorialitysupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nectar oasis produced by Agave marmorata Roezl. (Agavaceae) lead to spatial and temporal segregation among nectarivores in the Tehuacán Valley, México

Ornelas

Ordano

Hernández

et al. 2002

Journal of Arid Environments

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…), or may induce pollinators to act as secondary nectar robbers if nectar extraction is easier in robbed than in unrobbed flowers (Lara & Ornelas ; Fumero‐Cabán & Meléndez‐Ackerman ). Nectar robbers may also decrease flower nectar availability, causing a reduction in the visitation rate of pollinators (Lyon & Chadek ; Irwin & Brody ; Irwin ). A decrease or increase in legitimate visits could affect floral duration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio‐temporal variation of nectar robbing in Salvia gesneriflora and its effects on nectar production and legitimate visitors

Cuevas

Rosas‐Guerrero

2015

Plant Biol J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nectar robbing occurs when floral visitors remove floral nectar through floral damage and usually without providing pollination in return. Even though nectar robbing may have negative, neutral or even positive effects on plant fitness, few studies have investigated temporal and spatial variation in robbing rate and their consequences, particularly in the tropics. In this study, robbing levels were estimated during 3 years in four populations of Salvia gesneriflora, a hummingbird-pollinated shrub endemic to central Mexico that is mainly robbed by birds, carpenter bees and bumblebees. The effect of robbing on nectar availability, flower longevity and on visitation rate by floral visitors was also evaluated. Our results indicate great variation in robbing levels across years and populations and a positive relationship between robbing level and flower abundance per population. Moreover, our results show that nectar availability is about eight times higher in unrobbed flowers than in robbed flowers, and that nectar robbers prefer younger flowers, although lifespan of robbed and unrobbed flowers did not differ statistically. Primary and secondary nectar robbers showed a higher visitation rate compared to legitimate visitors, and neither legitimate nor illegitimate floral visitors seem to discriminate between robbed and unrobbed flowers. These results suggest that robbers may respond to food availability and that no floral visitors apparently could differentiate between robbed and unrobbed flowers. Finally, results show that nectar robbers prefer the youngest flowers, which suggests that strong competition for access to nectar between pollinators and robbers might occur, mainly at the first stages of the flowers.

show abstract

“…Documentation of food preferences (e.g., Snow 1962a, b, c, Chrome 1975) and competitive relationships (Terborgh and Diamond 1970, Leck 1971, Chrome 1975) may not provide relevant evidence because some users are not dispersers and different birds may effect dispersal in different ways (McKey 1975, Howe andEstabrook 1977). In pollination systems, different species of avian visitors have markedly different effects on plant reproduction (e.g., Lyon and Chadek 1971, Colwell 1973, Linhart 1973, Stiles 1975). Similar differences may exist among birds which ingest fruit and disperse seeds intact (Howe and Primack 1975).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bird Activity and Seed Dispersal of a Tropical Wet Forest Tree

Howe¹

1977

Ecology

249

191

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.. Ecological Society of America is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Ecology.Abstract. Feeding assemblages of birds were observed throughout a fruiting season at a Costa Rican population of the rain forest tree Casearia corymbosa in order to distinguish effective dispersal agents from visitors which used arils for food without dispersing seeds. This system is of special interest because the tree fruits during an annual period of fruit scarcity in a forest characterized by high proportions of animal-dispersed plants and obligate frugivores.Results show that the Masked Tityra (Tityra semifasciata) is an effective dispersal agent of seeds of this tree because it: (1) regurgitates viable seeds, (2) is a common and regular visitor throughout the season, (3) has high feeding rates, (4) removes seeds from the vicinity of the parent tree before processing them, and (5) depends on this rather than other plants fruiting at the same time.Twenty-one other visitors were deficient dispersers, although some depended heavily on fruit of this tree for food. Two parrots (Amazona autumnalis and Amazona farinosa) preclude dispersal by stripping arils with their bills and dropping all seeds in situ. Fourteen species are occasional visitors. Five visitors (Ramphastos sulfuratus, Ramphastos swainsonii, Pteroglossus torquatus, Myiozetetes similis, and Myiozetetes granadensis) process seeds undamaged and are sometimes numerically abundant, but are absent part of the season and tend to regurgitate seeds in situ.Because fruiting activity of this tree occurs during annual scarcity, it represents a pivotal species in the community. Three obligate frugivores, including one effective disperser and two fruit thieves, depend almost entirely on it for food for periods of 2-6 wk. I hypothesize that extinction of this plant at this site would lead to disappearance of these birds, and would almost certainly depress recruitment of other species of trees for which they serve as dispersal agents at other times of the year.

show abstract

Exploitation of Nectar Resources by Hummingbirds, Bees (Bombus), and Diglossa baritula and Its Role in the Evolution of Penstemon kunthii

Cited by 32 publications

References 2 publications

Nectar oasis produced by Agave marmorata Roezl. (Agavaceae) lead to spatial and temporal segregation among nectarivores in the Tehuacán Valley, México

Nectar oasis produced by Agave marmorata Roezl. (Agavaceae) lead to spatial and temporal segregation among nectarivores in the Tehuacán Valley, México

Spatio‐temporal variation of nectar robbing in Salvia gesneriflora and its effects on nectar production and legitimate visitors

Bird Activity and Seed Dispersal of a Tropical Wet Forest Tree

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About