Exploiting adaptive modulation in E-band software-defined backhaul network

Li, Hao; Zhang, Jiliang; Hong, Qi; Zheng, Hui; Zhang, Jie

doi:10.1109/ccwc.2018.8301768

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…A recent case study estimated significant hop-length reduction with 5G deployment [9]. The shorter links can either use higher millimeter-wave frequencies where available bandwidths are wider; alternatively, when the same hardware is re-used, the average output power can be regulated by ATPC, and elevated modulation can provide higher bit rates [9][10][11][12][13][14]. Thus, the access capacity can be increased and, with careful re-design, the possible radio interference can simultaneously be reduced.…”

Section: Connection Options and Topology Optimization After Site Densmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the access links are getting shorter and the capacity demands are increasing continuously, frequencies in millimeter-wave bands are becoming more and more employed [1,[4][5][6]9,[11][12][13]. The millimeter-wave bands V, E, W, and D (57-66, 71-86, 92-114.25, and 130-174.8 GHz, respectively) are coming into focus because wider radio-frequency (RF) bandwidths are available and, as such, the bit rate of the connections is increased and latency is reduced [12][13][14].…”

Section: Higher Link Frequencies and Bit Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The low modulation mode is active in the rainy minutes when FM compensates for the loss caused by rain. During sunny periods when the FM is available, the link can jump to elevated modulation modes; thus, more data can be transmitted [1,11,[31][32][33][34]. For simplicity, Figure 9 shows quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) only up to the 512 states [10].…”

Section: ø [mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, as seen in Figure 12, rain attenuation is dominant at all frequencies, except for 60, 120, and 180 GHz, where the atmospheric attenuation peaks are visible even when the rainfall rate is above 20 mm/h. Equation (11) has no closed-form solution. After inserting the rain and atmospheric attenuation formulas (Equations (12)-(17)) into Equation (11), the maximum hop length d can be calculated numerically for a given R0.01% rainfall rate, polarization (either V or H), and frequency f.…”

Section: Rain and Atmospheric Attenuationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is strongly recommended to always document the clean LoS in an LoS report and to insert the confirmed LoS paths into the planning tool (green lines in Figure 3). With actual Equation (11) has no closed-form solution. After inserting the rain and atmospheric attenuation formulas (Equations (12)-(17)) into Equation (11), the maximum hop length d can be calculated numerically for a given R 0.01% rainfall rate, polarization (either V or H), and frequency f. SG + 2G ant > 92.…”

Section: Obstacle Lossesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Availability and Fade Margin Calculations for 5G Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Anyhaul Links

Hilt

2019

Applied Sciences

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The deployment of new radio access technologies always provides a good opportunity and timing to optimize the existing mobile front- and backhaul (commonly called “anyhaul”). The legacy systems (Long-Term Evolution (LTE), High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA), third-generation mobile (3G), second-generation mobile (2G)) already extensively utilize the transmission and transport capacities of the mobile anyhaul. With the current launch of 5G (fifth-generation mobile) and recent LTE-A (Advanced Long-Term Evolution), additional new transmission capacities are required again. Depending on the traffic and network topology, additional cell sites are built, and even more locations are connected with fiber optics. The existing microwave and millimeter-wave links are rotated toward those aggregation points that already have optical-fiber access. Due to the increased cell-site density, the average distance of the radio access links can be reduced by network and topology optimization. The reduced hop lengths combined with adaptive modulation and automatic power control bring an opportunity for capacity increase in shortened radio links. Links newly deployed for 5G find a wide spectrum in the millimetric V, E, W, and D frequency bands. This paper discusses the availability and hop-length targets of the anyhaul links that should be carefully kept by proper planning and monitoring.

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Section: Connection Options and Topology Optimization After Site Densmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Higher Link Frequencies and Bit Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ø [mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rain and Atmospheric Attenuationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Obstacle Lossesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Availability and Fade Margin Calculations for 5G Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Anyhaul Links

Hilt

2019

Applied Sciences

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Research on 5G millimeter wave dynamic rain attenuation and adaptive modulation coding scheme

Yang

Jinxiu

xia

et al. 2023

Preprint

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In order to study the effect of rainfall on 5G millimeter-wave (MMW) communication, a new modified MMW dynamic rain attenuation time series model based on the Weibull distribution rainfall model and the EMB time series model is proposed. The analysis for the subtropical Haikou 78GHz rainfall link performance shows that the simulating time series by newly modified model can effectively characterize the dynamic and statistical properties of MMW rain attenuation. According to this model, an adaptive modulation coding scheme (MCS) is induced which can be applied to rainfall fading links. On the 78G MMW rainfall link, the BER, the spectral efficiency are analyzed. The MCS transform algorithm is presented. Through the simulation analysis, the adaptive MCS for mitigating the effects of rain attenuation is recommended. The scheme can effectively mitigate the effect of rainfall on the MMW link and improve the system spectrum utilization and availability.

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High Resolution Rain Intensity Measurement and its Application on Free Space Optics

2024

Informacije MIDEM

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Thunderstorms affect our everyday life. Among the various types of precipitation, it is extremely important to determine rain intensity both for scientific and for economic reasons. Various traditional meteorological methods and other techniques, such as radio measurements can be applied to this. The fluctuation of the received signal level, occurring on radio connections, especially in the shorter millimeter wavelength range, strongly depends on the rain intensity. Thus, the fading phenomenon is also suitable for measuring the rain intensity indirectly. We present our new method of producing calibrated attenuation time series from the measured data of the received signal level, which can be used to directly express the rain intensity. It is concluded that the method is suitable for the detection of rapid and instantaneous changes in rain intensity due to the high sampling rate. Our results have many possible applications: from high-resolution detection of time-varying rainfall intensity to adaptive communication control systems with short reaction times. We present the effect of heavy rainfall on free-space optical connections, an important secure and high data rate link type. We assume that high-intensity rain would result in the disturbance of optical connections and worst-case it would result in its interruption. We analyzed the magnitude of deterioration by the probability of fade. Based on our results, we draw attention to the fact that nowadays increasingly frequent, high-intensity precipitation bursts can damage optical connections. We advise some solutions to eliminate the harmful effects of intense rain.

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Exploiting adaptive modulation in E-band software-defined backhaul network

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Availability and Fade Margin Calculations for 5G Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Anyhaul Links

Availability and Fade Margin Calculations for 5G Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Anyhaul Links

Research on 5G millimeter wave dynamic rain attenuation and adaptive modulation coding scheme

High Resolution Rain Intensity Measurement and its Application on Free Space Optics

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