Exploiting composting biodiversity: Study of the persistent and biotechnologically relevant microorganisms from lignocellulose-based composting

Isolation and Screening of Thermophilic Bacilli from Compost for Electrotransformation and Fermentation: Characterization of Bacillus smithii ET 138 as a New Biocatalyst

“…B. smithii has been reported to produce several biotechnologically interesting enzymes, such as nitrile hydratase (41), endoinulinase (42), and alkaline lipase (43). Its biotechnological potential was further reported in an isolation study targeted at xylose-utilizing, ethanol-tolerant ethanol producers (44), as well as during lignocellulose-based composting, where B. smithii was among three bacterial compost isolates showing ligninolytic activity (45). Several B. smithii strains were isolated from a sugar beet factory and shown to harbor glycosylated S-layer proteins and to secrete lactic acid as their main product (46).…”

Dynamics of bacterial microbiota during lignocellulosic waste composting: Studies upon its structure, functionality and biodiversity

“…Universal primers were used: 27F (5 0 -AGAGTTTGATCATGGCTCAG-3 0 ) and 1492R (5 0 -GGTTACCTTGTTACGACTT-3 0 ). Protocols for DNA amplification, cleaning and sequencing have been previously published (Jurado et al, 2014). The forward and reverse sequences were edited, assembled and aligned using the following bioinformatic tools: Sequence Scanner v1.0 (Applied Biosystem, Life Sciences, Thermo Fisher Scientific, MA, USA), Clustal X v2.0.11, MEGA v6.06, and Reverse Complement (http://www.bioinformatics.org/sms/rev_ comp.html).…”

“…Briefly, strains were spread over or inoculated in differential (solid or liquid) culture media in which the enzymatic activity could be evidenced. The exact analytical procedures employed have been recently reported (Jurado et al, 2014). Since bacterial and actinobacterial counts had been previously determined, enzymatic activities could be quantitatively expressed as cfu of isolate/s showing a given enzymatic capacity g À1 sample dw.…”

Complete genome sequence of thermophilic Bacillus smithii type strain DSM 4216T

“…1), TAS [2]Temperature range25–65 °CTAS [2]Optimum temperature55 °CIDApH range; Optimum5.5–6.8; 6.5TAS [2], IDACarbon sourceD-glucose, D-xylose, L-xylose, L-arabinose, D-ribose, glycerol, D-adonitol, D-fructose, L-sorbose, D-galactose, L-rhamnose, inositol, D-mannitol, sucrose, D-trehalose, xylitol, Methyl-α-D-glucopyranoside, esculin, salicin, D-maltose, D-turanose, D-lyxose, D-tagatose, D-arabitol, K-gluconate, K-5-ketogluconateIDA(API), TAS [2]MIGS-6HabitatType strain: cheese. Other strains: evaporated milk, canned food, compost, hot spring soil, sugar beet juice from extraction installations.TAS [2, 9–11]MIGS-6.3SalinityNot in 3 % NaCl (w/v)TAS [2]MIGS-22Oxygen requirementFacultative anaerobeTAS [2]MIGS-15Biotic relationshipFree-livingTAS [2]MIGS-14PathogenicityNon-pathogenTAS [12, 13]MIGS-4Geographic locationUSATAS [2, 40]MIGS-5Sample collection~1946TAS [2, 40]MIGS-4.1LatitudeUnknownMIGS-4.2LongitudeUnknownMIGS-4.4AltitudeUnknown a Evidence codes – IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay; TAS: Traceable Author Statement (i.e., a direct report exists in the literature); NAS: Non-traceable Author Statement (i.e., not directly observed for the living, isolated sample, but based on a generally accepted property for the species, or anecdotal evidence). These evidence codes are from the Gene Ontology project…”

“…The B. smithii type strain DSM 4216 T was isolated from cheese [1, 2], but other B. smithii strains have been isolated from compost [3, 9], hot spring soil [10], and a sugar beet factory [11]. It is a free-living organism that was shown to be non-cytotoxic [12].…”