Exploiting Power-to-Heat Assets in District Heating Networks to Regulate Electric Power Network

Abstract

New green energy policies are encouraging district heating (DH) companies to exploit heat production by power-toheat (P2H) assets e.g. heat pumps (HPs) and electric boilers (EBs). Therefore, they are shifting to exploit these assets in their distribution network besides the traditional central combined heat and power (CHP) units in their production chain. It will lead to an increasingly complex interaction between DH networks and electricity markets. This paper proposes an economic model predictive control (EMPC) framework to investigate how DH companies can manage this extra complexity and if they can contribute in an efficient way towards balancing the production and consumption of electric power in smart grids through playing in the reserve capacity markets. The framework is applied to a real world case study and the results are discussed. The results show the new paradigm increases operation costs. However, reserving a part of the capacity for playing in reserve capacity market will not only make up for the extra costs to some extent, but also improve the capability of providing regulating power.

Managing reserve deliverability risk of integrated electricity‐heat systems in day‐ahead market: A distributionally robust joint chance constrained approach

“…In this section, the relationship of the inlet and outlet temperature 𝜏 S ,out i j,t ,𝜔 and 𝜏 S ,in i j,t ,𝜔 of the pipelines can be written in (5), which are elaborated in [15]. K i j,t ,k denotes the heat transfer delay coefficient for pipeline i j indicating the impact of inlet temperature at time k on the outlet temperature at time t .…”

“…This has led to the emergence of integrated electricity and heat systems (IEHS), which integrate DH networks (DHN) with power distribution networks (PDN) to optimize energy resource utilization, reduce operating costs, and facilitate the renewable energy resources (RES) accommodation [4]. Apart from efficient energy supplies to the local demands, the IEHS can provide ancillary services to benefit the grid [5]. Through the deregulation of the electricity markets, the IEHSs are able to aggregate local flexible resources to support the power systems via market participation so as to achieve higher profitability.…”

Optimal Scheduling Method of Cogeneration System with Heat Storage Device Based on Memetic Algorithm

“…To improve the wind power consumption capacity and economical operation of the cogeneration system, literature [1] confirmed through the economic model predictive control framework that adding heat pump and electric boiler to traditional cogeneration systems can improve system flexibility and economy while balancing the district heating network. Literature [2] integrated the energy storage battery with the cogeneration system through the power electronic interface, which enhances the flexibility and frequency response of the system.…”

“…To more intuitively reflect the improvement of system economy brought by the improvement of system structure and optimization algorithm, the scheduling optimization solutions are compared, as shown in Table 3. The comparison shows the following: (1) No matter what kind of optimization algorithm is adopted, the economy of the cogeneration system with improved system structure is improved in varying degrees, which shows that the scheme feasible. (2) Almost the entire operation cost of the system comes from the coal-burning cost of the unit, while the influence of the operation cost of the heat storage device and electric boiler is negligible, indicating that the system optimization is mainly achieved by adjusting the output of the unit.…”

A bi-level co-expansion planning of integrated electric and heating system considering demand response

“…The widespread deployment of combined heat and power (CHP) units augments the interconnection between the power system and the heating system (Lin et al, 2020;Khatibi et al, 2021). In this context, the integrated electric and heating system (IEHS) has gained massive attention in recent years.…”