Exploration of a Future NOAA Infrared Sounder in Geostationary Earth Orbit

Iturbide-Sanchez, Flavio; Wang, Zhipeng; Kalluri, Satya; Chen, Yong; Lynch, Erin; Divakarla, Murty; Tan, Changyi; Zhu, Tong; Cao, Changyong

doi:10.1109/jstars.2022.3142069

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…EUMETSAT will have advanced IR sounders (IRS) in GEO orbit in the 2024 time frame (Holmlund et al 2021), Japan is planning a GEO IR sounder for their Himawari-8/-9 followon (Bessho et al 2021), China has launched an experimental advanced IR sounder (Geostationary Interferometric Infrared Sounder -GIIRS/FY-4A) into GEO orbit in 2016 and an operational one (GIIRS/FY-4B) in 2021 (Yang et al 2017). U.S. is considering GeoHIS to be part of their GeoXO program to better observe high temporal resolution moisture and motion over North America and other regions (Schmit et al 2009;F. Iturbide-Sanchez et al, 2022).…”

Section: "The Vas Experience Suggests That Extension Into the Microwa...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Geostationary Hyperspectral Infrared Sounder Observations: Progress, Challenges, and Future Perspectives

Menzel

Schmit

et al. 2022

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society

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A hyperspectral infrared (IR) sounder from geostationary orbit provides nearly continuous measurements of atmospheric thermodynamic and dynamic information within a weather cube, specifically the atmospheric temperature, moisture, and wind information at different pressure levels that are critical for improving high impact weather (HIW) nowcasting and numerical weather prediction (NWP). Geostationary hyperspectral IR sounders (GeoHIS) have been onboard China’s Fengyun-4 series since 2016 and will be onboard Europe’s Meteosat Third Generation (MTG) series in the 2024 time frame; the U.S. and other countries are also planning to include GeoHIS instruments on their next generation of geostationary weather satellites. Although availability of on-orbit GeoHIS data are limited currently, studies have been conducted and progress has been made on developing the applications of high temporal resolution GeoHIS observations. These include but are not limited to deriving three-dimensional wind fields for nowcasting and NWP applications, trending atmospheric instability for warning in pre-convective environments, conducting impact studies with data from the experimental Geostationary Interferometric Infrared Sounder (GIIRS) onboard Fengyun-4A, preparing observing system simulation experiments (OSSEs), and monitoring diurnal variation of atmospheric composition. This paper provides an overview of the current applications of GeoHIS, discusses the data processing challenges, and provides perspectives on future development. The purpose is to provide direction on utilization of the current and assist preparation for the upcoming GeoHIS observations for nowcasting, NWP and other applications.

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Section: "The Vas Experience Suggests That Extension Into the Microwa...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Geostationary Hyperspectral Infrared Sounder Observations: Progress, Challenges, and Future Perspectives

Menzel

Schmit

et al. 2022

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society

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“…Major space agencies will also deploy advanced infrared sounders (IRS) in geostationary orbits, for instance, EUMETSAT's IRS, by 2024 time frame (Holmlund et al, 2021). Concurrently, the United States contemplates introducing GeoHIS within the GeoXO program, aiming to enhance high temporal resolution observations of moisture and motion across North America and additional regions (Iturbide-Sanchez et al, 2022;Schmit et al, 2009). Notably, GeoHIS not only offers thermodynamic information in clear skies and hydrometeor information in cloudy conditions but can also provide dynamic filed observations with capability arising from its continuous tracking of changes in specific physical fields (Li, Zhang, et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Major space agencies will also deploy advanced infrared sounders (IRS) in geostationary orbits, for instance, EUMETSAT’s IRS, by 2024 time frame (Holmlund et al., 2021). Concurrently, the United States contemplates introducing GeoHIS within the GeoXO program, aiming to enhance high temporal resolution observations of moisture and motion across North America and additional regions (Iturbide‐Sanchez et al., 2022; Schmit et al., 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Added Value of Three‐Dimensional Horizontal Winds From Geostationary Interferometric Infrared Sounder for Typhoon Forecast in a Regional NWP Model

Meng,

Tan,

et al. 2024

JGR Atmospheres

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High temporal resolution geostationary hyperspectral infrared sounders can simultaneously profile atmospheric temperature and moisture, and track moisture features to provide 3D horizontal winds in clear and partially cloudy scenarios. The thermodynamic information obtained has been integral to enhancing tropical cyclone (TC) forecasts. However, the potential benefits derived from the dynamic information provided by geostationary hyperspectral infrared sounders (GeoHIS) are yet to be fully comprehended for numerical weather prediction (NWP). With the re‐estimated observation error and multivariate hydrometeor background error covariance, the 3D horizontal winds from the Geostationary Interferometric Infrared Sounder (GIIRS) are synergistically assimilated with the hydrometeor information. The impact of the GIIRS‐derived 3D horizontal wind assimilation on Typhoon Maria (2018) and Lekima (2019) analysis and forecast are evaluated. The results show that the assimilating GIIRS‐derived 3D horizontal wind notably reduces the RMSEs of analysis and forecast, particularly in the U and V components. The improvement in accuracy of large‐scale fields substantially enhances the forecasts of typhoons' track and maximum wind speed, as well as the central sea‐level pressure. Moreover, the prediction of the spatial distribution and intensity for landfall precipitation is also improved. The detailed diagnoses of the Maria show that a more southerly subtropical high generated by the additional horizontal wind assimilation improves the rainfall spatial distribution, and the reasonable water vapor transportation caused by the improved dynamic conditions corrects the precipitation intensity. This work highlights the importance of dynamic information in TC forecasting and emphasizes the need for efficient and high‐precision 3D wind measurements to improve NWP.

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“…With the development of hyperspectral infrared (IR) sounders with thousands of narrow spectral channels [2], high-spatial-resolution vertical detection of the atmosphere can be achieved [3][4][5]. The hyperspectral IR sounder is capable of sensing changes in thermodynamic variables and tracing gas species as well as critical climate variables [6], and has shown a significant positive impact on global numerical weather prediction (NWP) applications [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrieval of Atmospheric Temperature Profiles from FY-4A/GIIRS Hyperspectral Data Based on TPE-MLP: Analysis of Retrieval Accuracy and Influencing Factors

Xu,

Han,

Gao

et al. 2024

Remote Sensing

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In this study, a novel method for retrieving atmospheric temperature profiles with tree-structured Parzen estimator (TPE) and multilayer perceptron (MLP) algorithms was proposed, using FY-4A/GIIRS (Geosynchronous Interferometric Infrared Sounder) and ERA5 data. Firstly, by adding solar altitude angle, satellite zenith angle, 2m temperature, and surface temperature to the input layer of MLP, there is an improvement in retrieval accuracy. Secondly, TPE is effective in optimizing the hyper-parameters of MLP, and a set of optimized hyper-parameters is obtained through iterative optimization. Thirdly, comparing the retrieved temperature profiles with ERA5 data, we found that retrieval accuracy is influenced by detector, signal-to-noise ratio, terrain, solar altitude angle, satellite zenith angle, and the horizontal temperature gradient. The mean biases of the two adjacent detectors show significant differences, and the retrieval accuracy of the center detectors is greater than that of the north and south sides. The retrieval accuracy is relatively poor in areas with high terrain and large satellite zenith angle. There is a monthly variation in the retrieval accuracy due to the horizontal temperature gradient and signal-to-noise ratio and a significant diurnal variation due to solar altitude angle and signal-to-noise ratio. Compared to in situ sounding data, the mean biases vary from −0.56 K to 0.60 K, and the standard deviations vary from 1.26 K to 2.17 K. The analysis of factors influencing retrieval accuracy provides important insights into improving the ability to retrieve atmospheric temperatures from geostationary hyperspectral IR sounder observations for near real-time (NRT) applications.

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Exploration of a Future NOAA Infrared Sounder in Geostationary Earth Orbit

Cited by 5 publications

References 43 publications

Applications of Geostationary Hyperspectral Infrared Sounder Observations: Progress, Challenges, and Future Perspectives

Applications of Geostationary Hyperspectral Infrared Sounder Observations: Progress, Challenges, and Future Perspectives

Added Value of Three‐Dimensional Horizontal Winds From Geostationary Interferometric Infrared Sounder for Typhoon Forecast in a Regional NWP Model

Retrieval of Atmospheric Temperature Profiles from FY-4A/GIIRS Hyperspectral Data Based on TPE-MLP: Analysis of Retrieval Accuracy and Influencing Factors

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