Exploration of Golden Section Proportion Potency in Mosque

Abstract

Various mosque designs appear in Indonesia, with various shapes, with or without domes. Until now the visualization of mosque formation that mosque has domes still accepted in general. Architectural forms are part of the visual language that is bound by the rules of geometry and proportion. Historically, the proportion of the Golden Section is a mathematical comparison applied to the design process. While in design, architects often involve a sense, whether the building design has been proportional or not. The research question, whether the sense of a proportional form can be measured mathematically? The results show that Golden Section elements exist in some parts of the mosque. The research explores the design of 3 mosques, At Tin Mosque in Taman Mini Indonesia Indah, Dian Al Mahri Mosque in Depok, and Trans Studio's Grand Mosque in Bandung, private built mosques, with geometric analysis methods and visual observations. The research benefits to explore the golden section are to control the building composition.

Using the golden ratio in detecting the aesthetics of Mosque facades: The case of contemporary Mosques in Erbil city

“…Handayani and Soewardikoen (2018) investigated the use of the Golden ratio in mosque facade design by examining three mosques. The findings suggested that the use of mathematical principles in mosque design can contribute to achieving a sense of harmony and balance in the built environment [9]. In the same way, Wafaei Baneh et al ( 2021) demonstrate how the Golden Ratio, a crucial element of sacred geometry, lies at the foundation of Islamic architecture and decoration.…”

“…The study of geometry in architecture involves various aspects, such as its structural application, modular dimensions, and mystic meanings. It is essential to incorporate geometry in the plan and facade of buildings to claim a comprehensive understanding of this knowledge [9]. Design based on this knowledge involves accurately identifying geometric elements at different levels and their respective positions in the design, understanding the relationships between them, and utilizing composition techniques to convey their meanings [10].…”

“…This use of geometry as a symbolic language format is a unique feature of Islamic architecture [12]. In Islam, a mosque is considered to be a center of spiritual content and a platform of communication, it develops unity and society among the Muslim communities [9]. The major activity of the mosque is to facilitate salat to be performed in jamaat (praying in a group).…”