Exploration of Graphitic-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Quantum Dots for Microwave-Induced Photodynamic Therapy

Chu, Xiao; Li, Kang; Guo, Hongyu; Zheng, Hongru; Shuda, Suzanne; Wang, Xiaolan; Zhang, Junying; Chen, Wei; Zhang, Yu

doi:10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00110

Cited by 84 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Their average diameter is 4.1 nm as measured from 100 individual particles (Figure c). Figure b shows a representative image of an individual nanoparticle, indicating high crystallinity with a lattice parameter of 0.33 nm, a value that is in good agreement with the 002 plane of g‐C 3 N 4 ,…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 56%

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Fabrication of Graphitic Carbon Nitride Quantum Dots and Their Application for Simultaneous Fluorescence Imaging and pH‐Responsive Drug Release

et al. 2018

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A simple approach is developed to produce fluorescent graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots (g-CNQDs) by refluxing bulk graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) in HNO 3 followed by a direct hydrothermal treatment. Owing to their small size, intrinsic optical properties, low toxicity, and useful non-covalent interactions with the antitumor drug doxorubicin (DOX), g-CNQDs are investigated as fluorescent nanocarriers for DOX without any pre-modification. The inherent fluorescence of g-CNQDs and DOX provides the drug delivery system (g-CNQDs-DOX) with dual-color imaging for revealing the intracellular localization of g-CNQDs and DOX release. The release profiles of DOX from g-CNQDs-DOX reveal a strong dependence on the environmental pH value, which is beneficial for mollifying side effects following chemotherapy. Cellular uptake of g-CNQDs-DOX indicates that not only DOX but also some g-CNQDs penetrate cell nuclei after 16 h of incubation, which leads g-CNQDs-DOX to be more toxic than DOX. The results demonstrate the feasibility of using g-CNQDs as a traceable and pHresponsive drug delivery system due to their unique structural properties.[a] Prof.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Compared to ultrathin GCNs, g‐CNQDs have smaller sizes, which can be useful not only for enhancing dispersibility and stability of the nanocarrier in physiological conditions, but also more suitable for cellular uptake and bioavailability performance ,. Chu et al . reported g‐CNQDs as agents for microwave induced photodynamic therapy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Graphitic Carbon Nitride Quantum Dots and Their Application for Simultaneous Fluorescence Imaging and pH‐Responsive Drug Release

et al. 2018

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“…In photodynamic therapy, other types of photosensitizer were investigated such as graphitic-phase carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) quantum dots (QDs). The results of live/dead staining and flow cytometry in Chu et al study showed that g-C3N4 QD-based photodynamic therapy could effectively kill cancer cells and promoted tumor cell death (Chu et al 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic hyperthermia of breast cancer cells and MRI relaxometry with dendrimer-coated iron-oxide nanoparticles

et al. 2018

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BackgroundRecently, some studies have focused on dendrimer nanopolymers as a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent or a vehicle for gene and drug delivery. Considering the suitable properties of these materials, they are appropriate candidates for coating iron-oxide nanoparticles which are applied in magnetic hyperthermia. To the best of our knowledge, the novelty of this study is the investigation of fourth-generation dendrimer-coated iron-oxide nanoparticles (G4@IONPs) in magnetic hyperthermia and MRI.MethodsIONPs were synthesized via co-precipitation and coated with the fourth generation (G4) of polyamidoamine dendrimer. The cytotoxicity of G4@IONPs with different concentrations was assessed in a human breast cancer cell line (MCF7) and human fibroblast cell line (HDF1). Hemolysis and stability of G4@IONPs were investigated, and in addition, the interaction of these particles with MCF7 cells was assessed by Prussian blue staining. Heat generation and specific absorption rate (SAR) were calculated from measurement and simulation results at 200 and 300 kHz. MCF7 and HDF1 cells were incubated with G4@IONPs for 2 h and then put into the magnetic coil for 120 min. Relaxometry experiments were performed with different concentrations of G4@IONPs with T1- and T2-weighted MR images.ResultsThe TEM results showed that G4@IONPs were 10 ± 4 nm. The in vitro toxicity assessments showed that synthesized nanoparticles had low toxicity. The viability of MCF7 cells incubated with G4@IONPs decreased significantly after magnetic hyperthermia. In addition, MR imaging revealed that G4@IONPs improved transverse relaxivity (r2) significantly.ConclusionsOur results encouraged the future application of G4@IONPs in magnetic hyperthermia and MR imaging.

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“…Graphitic C 3 N 4 quantum dots (g‐C 3 N 4 QDs) have received increasing attention in the fields of bioimaging, cancer therapy, ion detection, optoelectronic devices, and photocatalysis during the last decade due to their good stability, water solubility, biocompatibility, low‐toxicity, and excellent intrinsic fluorescence properties. The g‐C 3 N 4 QDs show stronger fluorescence and higher quantum yield (QY) than carbon‐based QDs, including graphene and graphene oxide QDs .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revealing the pH‐Dependent Photoluminescence Mechanism of Graphitic C₃N₄ Quantum Dots

Zhou

Niu

et al. 2019

Advcd Theory and Sims

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Graphitic C 3 N 4 quantum dots (g-C 3 N 4 QDs), as a kind of widely explored fluorescent materials, show pH-dependent photoluminescence feature. However, opposite variation tendencies on their pH-dependent photoluminescence performance are observed in different experiments and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Herein, based on time-dependent density functional theory and nonadiabatic molecular dynamics simulations, a synergistic mechanism between light absorption and radiative/nonradiative recombination of g-C 3 N 4 QDs in neutral and acidic conditions is proposed to address the inconformity. Specifically, under weak acidic condition, the strong light absorption and weak nonradiative recombination of g-C 3 N 4 QDs yield strong fluorescence emission. While under strong acidic condition, although the light absorption remains high, the fast nonradiative electron-hole recombination dramatically reduces the population of the excited state and the fluorescence is quenched consequently. The protonation of N atom changes the orbital composition of transition channels and frontier molecular orbital overlap, which consequently modulates the competition between radiative and nonradiative recombination as well as the emission performance. In addition, there is no obvious change in the variation tendency of absorption and emission properties of g-C 3 N 4 QDs with different functional groups, implying the general applicability of understanding.

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Exploration of Graphitic-C₃N₄ Quantum Dots for Microwave-Induced Photodynamic Therapy

Cited by 84 publications

References 44 publications

Fabrication of Graphitic Carbon Nitride Quantum Dots and Their Application for Simultaneous Fluorescence Imaging and pH‐Responsive Drug Release

Fabrication of Graphitic Carbon Nitride Quantum Dots and Their Application for Simultaneous Fluorescence Imaging and pH‐Responsive Drug Release

Magnetic hyperthermia of breast cancer cells and MRI relaxometry with dendrimer-coated iron-oxide nanoparticles

Revealing the pH‐Dependent Photoluminescence Mechanism of Graphitic C₃N₄ Quantum Dots

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Exploration of Graphitic-C3N4 Quantum Dots for Microwave-Induced Photodynamic Therapy

Cited by 84 publications

References 44 publications

Fabrication of Graphitic Carbon Nitride Quantum Dots and Their Application for Simultaneous Fluorescence Imaging and pH‐Responsive Drug Release

Fabrication of Graphitic Carbon Nitride Quantum Dots and Their Application for Simultaneous Fluorescence Imaging and pH‐Responsive Drug Release

Magnetic hyperthermia of breast cancer cells and MRI relaxometry with dendrimer-coated iron-oxide nanoparticles

Revealing the pH‐Dependent Photoluminescence Mechanism of Graphitic C3N4 Quantum Dots

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Exploration of Graphitic-C₃N₄ Quantum Dots for Microwave-Induced Photodynamic Therapy

Revealing the pH‐Dependent Photoluminescence Mechanism of Graphitic C₃N₄ Quantum Dots