Exploration of polyepoxysuccinic acid as a novel draw solution in the forward osmosis process

Abstract

Polyepoxysuccinic acid (PESA) is a green corrosion scale inhibitor. When PESA is used for wastewater desalination in the forward osmosis (FO) process, the diluted PESA solution could be used for cooling systems. In our investigation, the effects of membrane orientation, temperature and flow rate on FO performance are studied using PESA as a draw solute. The results show that the effect of temperature on water flux is obvious, but the water flux increase is higher from 25 C to 35 C than that from 35 C to 45 C. Compared to the FO mode, the water flux increases faster in the pressure-retarded osmosis mode (PRO mode) at high flow rate due to the reduction of concentrative internal concentration polarization (CICP). Compared with polyaspartic acid (PASP) and NaCl, the water flux of PESA is the lowest under the same conditions. However, PESA has the lowest specific reverse solute flux (J s /J w ) at both membrane orientations. For example in the FO mode this value is 0.46 g L À1 , whereas that of NaCl and PASP is 1.12 and 0.74 g L À1, respectively. This means that PESA has lower loss to the feed side than NaCl and PASP in the FO process, which greatly reduces the replenishment cost of the draw solute. The use of PESA as the draw solute in the FO process to treat dyeing water has the advantages of stable water flux (within 20 min), high dye rejection (nearly 1) and reversible membrane fouling (restored to 97%). The nanofiltration (NF) process indicates the good performance of PESA recovery with a high specific water flux (0.94 LMH per bar) and rejection rate (97.8%). Thus, the overall performance of PESA demonstrates that it is a promising draw solute.

Novel organic draw solution in forward osmosis process for fertigation: performance evaluation and flux prediction

“…When compared to other experiments utilizing inorganic fertilizers, the observed flux is much lower than that of inorganic DS using the same type of membrane adopted by Nasr and Sewilam ( 2015 ). However, comparing the obtained results with other organic DS shows a good agreement with the experimental results by Wang et al ( 2017 ) who used a tailor-made TFC membrane, and the results obtained by Alaswad et al ( 2018 ) who used a nanofiltration membrane (TFC-SR2) in FS-AL mode for investigating the performance of sucrose and glucose as draw solutions against deionized water in a forward osmosis (FO). In another comparison with the obtained results using other organic draw solutions as presented in Islam et al (2019), the reported flux is higher due to higher osmotic pressure differences between feed and draw solutions.…”

Effects of temperature, pH, feed, and fertilizer draw solution concentrations on the performance of forward osmosis process for textile wastewater treatment

“…In the beginning, water flux is higher because it increases with an increase in the osmotic potential of the DS (Figure 5a). This is due to the fact that as DS concentration increases, a larger osmotic driving force is generated, which leads to a higher water flux across the membrane (Chakrabortty et al, 2015; Wang et al, 2017).…”

Synthesis and Application of a Phosphorous-Free and Non-Nitrogen Polymer as an Environmentally Friendly Scale Inhibition and Dispersion Agent in Simulated Cooling Water Systems

“…Polyepoxysuccinic acid (PESA), a green water treatment agent, has become a research hotspot because of its excellent scale inhibition against calcium carbonate and corrosion inhibition. − However, it exhibits very poor properties of inhibiting calcium phosphate and dispersing iron oxide. To improve the abilities of inhibiting calcium phosphate and dispersing iron oxide, a sulfonic acid group was introduced into the molecular structure. − Domestic and foreign scholars have synthesized modified polyepoxysuccinic acid polymers by adding monomers containing a sulfonic acid group, such as 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS), sodium styrene sulfonate (SS), and sodium allyl sulfonate (SAS).…”