Exploration of the Design and Performance Space of a High Frequency 166 kW/10 kV SiC Solid-State Air-Core Transformer

Czyż, Piotr; Guillod, Thomas; Krismer, Florian; Kolar, Johann W.

doi:10.23919/ipec.2018.8507746

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In [13], [48] we proposed an ACT configuration consisting of two coaxially-arranged, cylindrical primary-and secondary-side windings, cf. Fig.…”

Section: B Air-core Transformer Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, a second approach to increase the gravimetric power density beyond this limit requires that neither magnetic cores nor a dry-type insulation system is used. Accordingly, inspired by inductive power transfer (IPT) systems, we have recently proposed a MV air-core transformer (ACT) [13], [48], [51], which utilizes air as insulation medium and for direct cooling of the exposed windings. In addition to high gravimetric power density of up to γ ≈ 40 kW/kg, ACTs feature comparably straightforward insulation design and mechanical construction, which, together with the absence of magnetic cores, creates a potential for resource and cost savings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whereas the theoretical limits for the volumetric power density of MCTs have been derived in [52]- [54] and a weight-optimized low-power MCT has been presented in [34], to the knowledge of the authors literature does not yet cover a comprehensive and experimentally supported analysis of the gravimetric power density limits of dry-type MCTs and a comparative evaluation against ACTs. Extending and improving the preliminary theoretical analysis from [13], and building on the detailed experimental characterization of an ACT prototype from [48], this paper aims to fill that gap and clarify the comparative evaluation of MCT and ACT concepts. A special focus is placed on the insulation design, the analysis of magnetic stray fields, and the characterization of dielectric losses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of the Performance Limits of 166 kW/7 kV Air- and Magnetic-Core Medium-Voltage Medium-Frequency Transformers for 1:1-DCX Applications

Czyż

Guillod

Zhang

et al. 2022

IEEE J. Emerg. Sel. Topics Power Electron.

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Solid-state transformers (SSTs) are employing compact high-power medium-voltage (MV) medium-frequency transformers (MFTs) and enable the power transfer between galvanically isolated DC systems. Considering a typical SST isolation stage, i.e., a 166 kW unregulated series-resonant DC-DC converter acting as a DC transformer (DCX) with equal input and output MV DC voltages of 7 kV (1:1-DCX), we derive component-level and system-level performance limits of aircooled realizations with either an air-core transformer (ACT) or with a magnetic-core transformer (MCT). We describe the design of two fully rated MFT prototypes in detail and provide a comprehensive experimental characterization to validate the derived performance limits, including also the dielectric losses and the analysis of stray magnetic fields. The realized ACT and MCT prototypes achieve measured efficiencies of 99.5 % and 99.7 % at gravimetric power densities of 16.5 kW/kg and 6.7 kW/kg, respectively. Considering 10 kV SiC MOSFETs, calculated system-level efficiencies of the ACT-based and MCTbased 1:1-DCX result in 99.0 % and 99.2 % at the nominal operating point, with similar part-load efficiency characteristics. The paper concludes with an application-oriented qualitative evaluation of the two concepts.

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“…In [13], [48] we proposed an ACT configuration consisting of two coaxially-arranged, cylindrical primary-and secondary-side windings, cf. Fig.…”

Section: B Air-core Transformer Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Analysis of the Performance Limits of 166 kW/7 kV Air- and Magnetic-Core Medium-Voltage Medium-Frequency Transformers for 1:1-DCX Applications

Czyż

Guillod

Zhang

et al. 2022

IEEE J. Emerg. Sel. Topics Power Electron.

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“…Although the planar coils in (Zhou et al , 2021) do not use ferromagnetic materials, the efficiency is less than 90%. Reference (Czyz et al , 2018) used two coaxial cylindrical windings to realize the energy transmission of high-frequency high-power systems. The windings of this structure does not require magnetic materials to guide the magnetic field and can achieve more than 99% efficiency at 166 kW transmission power.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design method for high-power high-frequency magnetic-resonance air-core transformer

Chen

Tao

Wan³

et al. 2023

COMPEL

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the multi-objective optimization design method of high-power high-frequency magnetic-resonance air-core transformer (ACT). Design/methodology/approach First, this paper studies the interleaved winding technology, the process of modeling and simulation, the calculation method of high-frequency loss of Litz wire and the design of magnetic shielding in detail. Second, the multi-objective optimization design process of high-frequency magnetic-resonance ACT is established by parametric scanning method and orthogonal experiment method. Findings An ACT model of 2 kV/100 kW/81.34 kHz was designed. The efficiency, weight power density and volume power density are 99.61%, 21.6 kW/kg and 5.1 kW/kg, respectively. Finally, the multi-physical field coupling simulation method is used to calculate the port excitation voltages and currents and temperature field of ACT. The maximum temperature of the ACT is 95.5 °C, which meets the design requirements. Originality/value The above research provides guidance and basis for the optimization design of high-power high-frequency magnetic-resonance ACT.

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“…[1][2][3] In medium-voltage dc (MVDC) systems, high voltage ratio DC/DC conversion is crucial, 4 which demands high efficiency and high reliability. [5][6][7] Power electronics transformers (PETs) have been shown to be a great potential candidate for MVDC power grids and have been drawing a lot of researchers' attention in recent years. [8][9][10] To reach higher voltages and higher power, multiple isolated DC/DC converters are connected in an input series output parallel (ISOP) configuration, 11,12 which is depicted in Figure 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive control strategy and robust operation for input series output parallel power electronics transformers in MVDC grids

Cheng¹,

Wang

et al. 2020

Int Trans Electr Energ Syst

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In medium-voltage dc grids, power electronics transformers (PETs) play an important role in interconnecting grids with different voltage levels and directing power flow between grids. This paper presents a comprehensive control strategy for input series output parallel PETs, including control design for submodules consisting of boost and dual active bridge, balancing control between submodules, soft startup and operations after submodule faults. Through the control strategy, the PET is capable of regulating either the voltage or the power on the low voltage side, and it can operate safely and robustly during large transients in startup and submodule failures. The proposed control strategy is validated using PLECS simulation and verified experimentally with a scaled-down laboratory prototype.

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Exploration of the Design and Performance Space of a High Frequency 166 kW/10 kV SiC Solid-State Air-Core Transformer

Cited by 13 publications

References 18 publications

Analysis of the Performance Limits of 166 kW/7 kV Air- and Magnetic-Core Medium-Voltage Medium-Frequency Transformers for 1:1-DCX Applications

Analysis of the Performance Limits of 166 kW/7 kV Air- and Magnetic-Core Medium-Voltage Medium-Frequency Transformers for 1:1-DCX Applications

Design method for high-power high-frequency magnetic-resonance air-core transformer

Comprehensive control strategy and robust operation for input series output parallel power electronics transformers in MVDC grids

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