Exploration of the influence of body mass index on intra-network resting-state connectivity in chronic cigarette smokers

Ely, Alice V.; Jagannathan, Kanchana; Spilka, Nathaniel; Keyser, Heather; Rao, Hengyi; Franklin, Teresa R.; Wetherill, Reagan R.

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108911

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Previous studies suggested that the superior frontal gyrus was anatomically connected with other regions in prefrontal cortex through arcuate fibers, and was considered as a connection node between central executive network (CEN) and DMN, which played an important role in allocating attention efficiently ( 46 ). A recent resting-state fMRI study has indicated that overweight could dampen the effect of smoking on DMN-ECN circuit, and further contribute to the circuit dysfunction ( 34 ). In line with these studies, our research found brain functional abnormalities in superior frontal gyrus, which might impact the dynamic interaction between brain networks and further lead to a failure to modulate attention and behavior.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Non-smokers were included subjects who smoked less than five cigarettes in their lifetime ( 33 ). According to their BMI, participants were separated into a normal weight group (BMI < 25.0) and overweight group (BMI arrange 25–29.9) ( 34 ). The exclusion criteria for all participants were as follows: (i) existence of neuropsychiatric diseases; (ii) systemic diseases (such as, diabetes, hypertension, and cerebrovascular disease); (iii) current use of psychotropic medications or concurrent substance abuse, such as alcohol and heroin; (iv) evidence indicating that overweight differs substantially from obesity and the two weight conditions have different effects on brain activity ( 34 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Weight Status Modulated Brain Regional Homogeneity in Long-Term Male Smokers

et al. 2022

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BackgroundTobacco smoking and being overweight could lead to adverse health effects, which remain an important public health problem worldwide. Research indicates that overlapping pathophysiology may contribute to tobacco addiction and being overweight, but the neurobiological interaction mechanism between the two factors is still unclear.MethodsThe current study used a mixed sample design, including the following four groups: (i) overweight long-term smokers (n = 24); (ii) normal-weight smokers (n = 28); (iii) overweight non-smokers (n = 19), and (iv) normal-weight non-smokers (n = 28), for a total of 89 male subjects. All subjects underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Regional homogeneity (ReHo) was used to compare internal cerebral activity among the four groups. Interaction effects between tobacco addiction and weight status on ReHo were detected using a two-way analysis of variance, correcting for age, years of education, and head motion.ResultsA significant interaction effect between tobacco addiction and weight status is shown in right superior frontal gyrus. Correlation analyses show that the strengthened ReHo value in the right superior frontal gyrus is positively associated with pack-year. Besides, the main effect of tobacco addiction is specially observed in the occipital lobe and cerebellum posterior lobe. As for the main effect of weight status, the right lentiform nucleus, left postcentral gyrus, and brain regions involved in default mode network (DMN) survived.ConclusionsThese results shed light on an antagonistic interaction on brain ReHo between tobacco addiction and weight status in the right superior frontal gyrus, which may be a clinical neuro-marker of comorbid tobacco addiction and overweight. Our findings may provide a potential target to develop effective treatments for the unique population of comorbid tobacco addiction and overweight people.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weight Status Modulated Brain Regional Homogeneity in Long-Term Male Smokers

et al. 2022

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“…Studies have shown that overweight differs substantially from obesity. A study of the effect of BMI on intra-network rest-state connectivity in smokers showed heavier smoking was related to greater rsFC in the salience network among lean and obese groups but reduced rsFC in the overweight group ( Ely et al, 2021 ). At the same time, BMI had a significant secondary effect on DMN connectivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BMI is calculated by height (m) divided by weight squared (kg). Normal-weight participants were defined as those with a BMI less than 25.0, and overweight participants had a BMI of more than 25.0 and less than 30.0 ( Ely et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, some studies ( Thorgeirsson et al, 2013 ; Taylor et al, 2019 ; Wills and Hopfer, 2019 ; Ely et al, 2021 ) have indicated that there is a relationship between smoking and weight, with advances in neuroimaging. Structurally, long-term smokers showed a gray matter (GM) volume decrease in the bilateral prefrontal cortex and left insular and GM volume increase in the right lingual cortex and left occipital cortex ( Yang et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Explore the effects of overweight and smoking on spontaneous brain activity: Independent and reverse

et al. 2022

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Accumulating evidence suggested that overweight and smoking often co-exist. However, current neuroimaging researches have almost always studied smoking or overweight status separately. Here we sought to investigate the neurobiological mechanisms of this comorbid association, by detecting spontaneous brain activity changes associated with smoking and weight status separately and collectively. We used 2 × 2 factorial design and included the following four groups: overweight/normal-weight smokers (n = 34/n = 30) and overweight/normal-weight non-smokers (n = 22/n = 24). The spontaneous brain activity among the four groups was comparable using an amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) method based on resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI). Furthermore, correlation analyses between brain activity changes, smoking severity and BMI values were performed. A main effect of smoking was discovered in the default mode network (DMN) and visual network related brain regions. Moreover, overweight people had high ALFF value in the brain regions associated with reward and executive control. More importantly, smoking and overweight both affected brain activity of the middle temporal gyrus (MTG), but the effect was opposite. And the brain activity of MTG was negatively correlated with smoking years, pack year and BMI value. These results suggest that smoking and overweight not only affect spontaneous brain activity alone, but also paradoxically affect spontaneous brain activity in the MTG. This suggests that we need to control for weight as a variable when studying spontaneous brain activity in smokers. Besides, this interaction may provide a neurological explanation for the comorbidity of overweight and smoking and a target for the treatment of comorbid populations.

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Integrative brain structural and molecular analyses of interaction between tobacco use disorder and overweight among male adults

Zhang

Gao

Yang

et al. 2022

J of Neuroscience Research

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Tobacco smoking and overweight lead to adverse health effects, which remain an important public health problem worldwide. Researches indicate overlapping pathophysiology may contribute to tobacco use disorder (TUD) and overweight, but the neurobiological interaction mechanism between the two factors is still unclear. This study used a mixed sample design, including the following four groups: (i) overweight long-term smokers (n = 24, age = 31.80 ± 5.70, cigarettes/day = 20.50 ± 7.89); (ii) normal weight smokers (n = 28, age = 31.29 ± 5.56, cigarettes/day = 16.11 ± 8.35); (iii) overweight nonsmokers (n = 19, age = 33.05 ± 5.60), and (iv) normal weight nonsmok-ers (n = 28, age = 31.68 ± 6.57), a total of 99 male subjects. All subjects underwent T1-weighted high-resolution MRI. We used voxel-based morphometry to compare gray matter volume (GMV) among the four groups. Then, JuSpace toolbox was used for cross-modal correlations of MRI-based modalities with nuclear imaging derived estimates, to examine specific neurotransmitter system changes underlying the two factors. Our results illustrate a significant antagonistic interaction between TUD and weight status in left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and a quadratic effect of BMI on DLPFC GMV. For main effect of TUD, long-term smokers were associated with greater GMV in bilateral OFC compared with nonsmokers irrespective of weight status, and such alteration is negatively associated with pack-year and FTND scores. Furthermore, we also found GMV changes related to TUD and overweight are associated with μ-opioid receptor system and TUD-related GMV alterations are associated with noradrenaline transporter maps. This study sheds light on novel multimodal neuromechanistic about the relationship between TUD and overweight, which possibly provides hints into future treatment for the special population of comorbid TUD and overweight.

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Exploration of the influence of body mass index on intra-network resting-state connectivity in chronic cigarette smokers

Cited by 7 publications

References 80 publications

Weight Status Modulated Brain Regional Homogeneity in Long-Term Male Smokers

Weight Status Modulated Brain Regional Homogeneity in Long-Term Male Smokers

Explore the effects of overweight and smoking on spontaneous brain activity: Independent and reverse

Integrative brain structural and molecular analyses of interaction between tobacco use disorder and overweight among male adults

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