Exploration of water–nitrogen coupling effects in paddy field based on ORYZA (v3) model

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Nitrogen and water are two major factors in rice production. Due to the lack of ample evidence and much uncertainty in field experiments, the coupling effects of water and nitrogen in paddy fields have remained debatable over recent years.RESULTS: A fine-calibrated ORYZA (v3) model was applied to simulate rice growth and development under different nitrogen (N) rates and irrigation regimes for a double rice-cropping system in South China. We designed a numerical experiment of 504 treatments, consisting of seven nitrogen rates (0-300 kg ha −1 ), eight irrigation thresholds (30-100%, presented as the percentage of saturated soil water content) and nine irrigation quotas (20-100 mm), and each treatment was simulated for 30 years. Yield varied greatly with different water-nitrogen conditions, particularly in the scenario of frequently alternate wetting and drying irrigation and low-N rates. The coupling effects had a negligible influence on water input and water loss, which were found to be sensitive only to the irrigation regime and rainfall distribution. Based on the results, the N fertilizer for early rice growing in the wet season is suggested as 150-200 kg ha −1 , and 200-250 kg ha −1 for late rice growing in the dry season. The irrigating threshold and irrigation quota for early rice are suggested as lower than 70% and 30-40 mm, respectively, and, for late rice, 70-80% and 40-60 mm. CONCLUSION: Remarkable water-nitrogen coupling effects were found in the paddy field, and integrative water-nitrogen management strategies were suggested for both early rice and late rice in South China.

Effects of irrigation and nitrogen application on soil water and nitrogen distribution and water-nitrogen utilization of wolfberry in the Yellow River Irrigation Region of Gansu Province, China

“…Water and nitrogen are important factors that limit crop growth and yield ( Gonzalez-Dugo et al., 2010 ; Darren et al., 2020 ; Tan et al., 2021 ). As a good solvent and carrier, water not only accelerates the dissolution and mineralization of nitrogen in soil but also transports it to crop roots in the form of diffusion or mass flow ( Crevoisier et al., 2010 ), which affects the availability of soil nitrogen and changes the absorption, transport, and assimilation of nitrogen by crops ( Guan et al., 2015 ).…”

Study of the Characteristics of Mountain Apples Resisting Carbon Dioxide Damage Based on Water–Nitrogen Coupling

“…Water and nitrogen fertilizer are the two main factors affecting apple growth and development . Nitrogen use efficiency of crop is constrained by water management . In order to improve yield farmers likes to apply a lot of synthetic N fertilizers and manure, but nitrogen uptake and utilization of crop are only less than half, and the surplus then causes an environment problem. , …”

“…7 Nitrogen use efficiency of crop is constrained by water management. 8 In order to improve yield farmers likes to apply a lot of synthetic N fertilizers and manure, but nitrogen uptake and utilization of crop are only less than half, and the surplus then causes an environment problem. 9,10 Nowadays, due to more and more consumers having high quality demand for fruits, the maintenance and improvement of fruit quality in the post-harvest storage is more and more important.…”

Performance evaluation of the ORYZA_V3 model for rice growth and organ nitrogen content

“…For example, Tan et al. (2022) evaluated the coupling impacts of water–N fertilizer on paddy rice growth and made the optimum N fertilizer application scheme and irrigation threshold and quota. Xu et al.…”

“…Many previous studies have investigated the predictive performance of the ORYZA_V3 model for paddy rice growth. For example, Tan et al (2022) evaluated the coupling impacts of water-N fertilizer on paddy rice growth and made the optimum N fertilizer application scheme and irrigation threshold and quota. Xu et al (2018) found that the paddy rice biomass growth in the ORYZA_V3 model was sensitive to the water and N deficiency stress, and this crop model performed better for predicting paddy rice biomass under potential conditions than underwater and N-limited conditions.…”