Exploratory behavior during stance persists with visual feedback

Murnaghan, Chantelle D.; Horslen, Brian C.; Inglis, James; Carpenter, Mark G.

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.08.020

Cited by 55 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Rather than reflecting improved postural stability, these altered postural control strategies may reflect decreased willingness to use sway to create sensory stimulation and gather information about the environment using the central nervous system (Carpenter et al, 2010;Murnaghan et al, 2011;Murnaghan et al, 2013). Post-concussion players may subconsciously adopt a pattern of splinting or over-holding which is also consistent with increases in CSA of the multifidus and internal oblique muscles seen in the current investigation.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptsupporting

confidence: 66%

A prospective investigation of changes in the sensorimotor system following sports concussion. An exploratory study

Hides

Smith

Mendis

et al. 2017

Musculoskeletal Science and Practice

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Section: Accepted Manuscriptsupporting

confidence: 66%

A prospective investigation of changes in the sensorimotor system following sports concussion. An exploratory study

Hides

Smith

Mendis

et al. 2017

Musculoskeletal Science and Practice

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“…People tend to reduce amplitude and increase frequency of centre of pressure (Carpenter et al ., ) and centre of mass displacements (Carpenter et al ., ) when standing at the edge of an elevated platform; interestingly, despite actual reductions in amplitude, people perceive themselves to sway just as much in HIGH and LOW threat conditions (Cleworth and Carpenter, ). It has been argued that people gather balance‐relevant sensory information from normal postural sway (Carpenter et al ., ; Murnaghan et al ., ) and that increasing muscle spindle sensitivity (and other balance‐relevant senses; e.g. vestibular) could permit reductions of postural sway without compromising sensory feedback (Horslen et al ., , ); this may explain why changes in movement perception do not follow actual changes in movement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased human stretch reflex dynamic sensitivity with height‐induced postural threat

Horslen

Zaback

Inglis

et al. 2018

The Journal of Physiology

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Postural threat increases soleus tendon-tap (t-) reflexes. However, it is not known whether t-reflex changes are a result of central modulation, altered muscle spindle dynamic sensitivity or combined spindle static and dynamic sensitization. Ramp-and-hold dorsiflexion stretches of varying velocities and amplitudes were used to examine velocity- and amplitude-dependent scaling of short- (SLR) and medium-latency (MLR) stretch reflexes as an indirect indicator of spindle sensitivity. t-reflexes were also performed to replicate previous work. In the present study, we examined the effects of postural threat on SLR, MLR and t-reflex amplitude, as well as SLR-stretch velocity scaling. Forty young-healthy adults stood with one foot on a servo-controlled tilting platform and the other on a stable surface. The platform was positioned on a hydraulic lift. Threat was manipulated by having participants stand in low (height 1.1 m; away from edge) then high (height 3.5 m; at the edge) threat conditions. Soleus stretch reflexes were recorded with surface electromyography and SLRs and MLRs were probed with fixed-amplitude variable-velocity stretches. t-reflexes were evoked with Achilles tendon taps using a linear motor. SLR, MLR and t-reflexes were 11%, 9.5% and 16.9% larger, respectively, in the high compared to low threat condition. In 22 out of 40 participants, SLR amplitude was correlated to stretch velocity at both threat levels. In these participants, the gain of the SLR-velocity relationship was increased by 36.1% with high postural threat. These findings provide new supportive evidence for increased muscle spindle dynamic sensitivity with postural threat and provide further support for the context-dependent modulation of human somatosensory pathways.

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“…In general, minimizing the COM displacement would be expected to result in a concurrent decrease in the COP displacement [22]. However, Carpenter et al [23] and Murnaghan et al [24] showed that COP displacements increased when COM movements were stabilized. They proposed that COP fluctuations played an exploratory role, gathering sensory information during quiet standing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptation effects in static postural control by providing simultaneous visual feedback of center of pressure and center of gravity

Takeda

Mani

Hasegawa

et al. 2017

J Physiol Anthropol

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BackgroundThe benefit of visual feedback of the center of pressure (COP) on quiet standing is still debatable. This study aimed to investigate the adaptation effects of visual feedback training using both the COP and center of gravity (COG) during quiet standing.MethodsThirty-four healthy young adults were divided into three groups randomly (COP + COG, COP, and control groups). A force plate was used to calculate the coordinates of the COP in the anteroposterior (COPAP) and mediolateral (COPML) directions. A motion analysis system was used to calculate the coordinates of the center of mass (COM) in both directions (COMAP and COMML). The coordinates of the COG in the AP direction (COGAP) were obtained from the force plate signals. Augmented visual feedback was presented on a screen in the form of fluctuation circles in the vertical direction that moved upward as the COPAP and/or COGAP moved forward and vice versa. The COP + COG group received the real-time COPAP and COGAP feedback simultaneously, whereas the COP group received the real-time COPAP feedback only. The control group received no visual feedback. In the training session, the COP + COG group was required to maintain an even distance between the COPAP and COGAP and reduce the COGAP fluctuation, whereas the COP group was required to reduce the COPAP fluctuation while standing on a foam pad. In test sessions, participants were instructed to keep their standing posture as quiet as possible on the foam pad before (pre-session) and after (post-session) the training sessions.ResultsIn the post-session, the velocity and root mean square of COMAP in the COP + COG group were lower than those in the control group. In addition, the absolute value of the sum of the COP − COM distances in the COP + COG group was lower than that in the COP group. Furthermore, positive correlations were found between the COMAP velocity and COP − COM parameters.ConclusionsThe results suggest that the novel visual feedback training that incorporates the COPAP–COGAP interaction reduces postural sway better than the training using the COPAP alone during quiet standing. That is, even COPAP fluctuation around the COGAP would be effective in reducing the COMAP velocity.

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Exploratory behavior during stance persists with visual feedback

Cited by 55 publications

References 17 publications

A prospective investigation of changes in the sensorimotor system following sports concussion. An exploratory study

A prospective investigation of changes in the sensorimotor system following sports concussion. An exploratory study

Increased human stretch reflex dynamic sensitivity with height‐induced postural threat

Adaptation effects in static postural control by providing simultaneous visual feedback of center of pressure and center of gravity

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